High strength, high toughness steel alloy
A high strength, high toughness steel alloy is disclosed. The alloy has the following weight percent composition. Element C 0.30-0.55 Mn 0.6-1.75 Si 0.9-2.8 Cr 0.6-2.5 Ni 2.70-7.0 Mo + ½ W 0.25-1.3 Cu 0.30-1.25 Co 0.01 max. V + ( 5/9) × Nb 0.10-1.0 Ti 0.01 max. Al 0.015 max. Ca 0.005 max. The alloy further includes a grain refining element selected from the group consisting of 0.0001-0.01% Mg, 0.001-0.025% Y, and a combination thereof. The balance of the alloy is iron and the usual impurities found in commercial grades of steel alloys produced for similar use and properties. In this regard phosphorus is limited to not more than about 0.01% and sulfur is limited to not more than about 0.001%. Also disclosed is a hardened and tempered article that has very high strength and fracture toughness. The article is formed from the alloy having the weight percent composition set forth above. The alloy article according to this aspect of the invention is further characterized by being tempered at a temperature of about 500° F. to 600° F.
1. A high strength, high toughness steel alloy having good temper resistance, said alloy comprising, in weight percent, about:
C
0.30-0.45
Mn
0.8-1.75
Si
1.5-2.7
Cr
1.5-2.0
Ni
3.0-4.5
Mo + ½ W
0.25-1.3
Cu
0.35-1.2
Co
0.01 max.
V + ( 5/9) × Nb
0.1-0.4
Ti
0.01 max.
Al
0.015 max.
Ca
0.005 max.
a grain-refining element selected from the group consisting of 0.0001-0.008% Mg, 0.001-0.025% Y, and a combination thereof; and
the balance being iron and usual impurities wherein phosphorus is restricted to about 0.01% max. and sulfur is restricted to not more than about 0.001% max., and wherein
14.5≤(% Si+% Cu)/(% V+(5/9)×% Nb)≤34.
2. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the alloy contains at least about 0.002% yttrium.
3. The alloy as set forth in claim 2 wherein the alloy contains not more than about 0.020% yttrium.
4. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the alloy contains not more than about 0.006% magnesium.
5. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the alloy contains not more than about 0.002% calcium.
6. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the alloy contains at least about 0.35% carbon.
7. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the alloy contains not more than about 1.8% chromium.
8. The alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein Mo+½ W is at least about 0.4%.
9. The alloy as set forth in claim 8 wherein Mo+½ W is not more than about 1.1%.
10. A high strength, high toughness steel alloy having good temper resistance, said alloy comprising, in weight percent, about:
C
0.33-0.45
Mn
0.8-1.3
Si
1.5-2.70
Cr
1.5-1.8
Ni
3.0-4.5
Mo + ½ W
0.4-1.3
Cu
0.35-1.2
Co
0.01 max.
V + ( 5/9) × Nb
0.10-0.40
Ti
0.01 max.
Al
0.015 max.
Ca
0.001 max.
a grain-refining element selected from the group consisting of 0.0001-0.006% Mg, 0.002-0.020% Y, and a combination thereof; and
the balance being iron and usual impurities wherein phosphorus is restricted to about 0.01% max. and sulfur is restricted to not more than about 0.001% max., and wherein
14.5≤(% Si+% Cu)/(% V+(5/9)×% Nb)≤34.
11. A hardened and tempered article made from a high strength, high toughness steel alloy as set forth in claim 1 wherein the article is tempered at a temperature of about 500° F. to 600° F.
12. The hardened and tempered article as set forth in claim 11 which provides a room temperature ultimate tensile strength of at least about 295 ksi and a Charpy V-notch impact toughness of at least about 15 ft-lbs.