Method for determining a settling rate of at least one foulant in oil-based fluids
A settling rate of at least one foulant in oil-based fluids may be determining a settling rate of an oil-based fluid by stirring the fluid during a turbidimetric flocculation titration, which includes solvent dosing and obtaining transmittance measurements of the oil-based fluid. The method may further include stopping the solvent dosing at the onset of flocculation of the foulant(s), stopping the stirring when at least two or more transmittance measurements are substantially similar, and measuring the transmittance of the oil-based fluid to determine a settling rate of the foulant(s). The settling rate may be proportional to an increase in transmittance or decrease in absorbance after the stirring has stopped.
1. A method for determining a settling rate of at least one foulant in oil-based fluids comprising:
stirring an oil-based fluid during a turbidimetric flocculation titration of the oil-based fluid; wherein the turbidimetric flocculation titration comprises solvent dosing and obtaining transmittance measurements of the oil-based fluid during the turbidimetric flocculation titration;
stopping the solvent dosing;
stopping the stirring 10 to 100 seconds after a time when at least two or more transmittance measurements are substantially similar;
measuring the transmittance of the oil-based fluid to determine a settling rate of the at least one foulant; wherein the settling rate is proportional to an increase in transmittance after the stirring has stopped; and
comparing the at least one foulant settling rate of a first oil-based fluid determined using the foregoing steps to the at least one foulant settling rate of a second oil-based fluid determined using the foregoing steps to create a stable blend of the first oil-based fluid and second oil-based fluid.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oil-based fluid is selected from the group consisting of crude oil, distillation residua, quench oil, visbreaker H-oil, LC bottoms fluid, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising resuspending the at least one foulant by stirring the oil-based fluid at a rate ranging from about 200 rpm to about 1200 rpm.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the measuring the transmittance of the oil-based fluid comprises passing a laser light through the oil-based fluid; and wherein the laser light has a wavelength ranging from about 800 nm to about 2500 nm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the turbidimetric flocculation titration occurs with a turbidimetric method selected from the group consisting of turbidimetry, nephelometry, infrared spectroscopy by attenuated total reflectance (ATR), and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising implementing a change to a process associated with the oil-based fluid.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein implementing a change to the process is selected from the group consisting of:
adding an additional feed stream to the oil-based fluid to stabilize the oil-based fluid;
adding an additive to the oil-based fluid;
adding a different demulsifier to the oil-based fluid than any demulsifier already present in the oil-based fluid;
changing a temperature of the oil-based fluid;
changing a water feed rate of a unit within the refinery process;
and combinations thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent dosing comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of cetane, heptane, xylene, toluene, hexane, pentane, methylnaphthalene, a paraffinic solvent having a solubility range of about 6.8 to 7.2 (cal/cm 3 ) 1/2 , and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one foulant is an asphaltene.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmittance measurements are converted into absorbance measurements, and wherein the settling rate is proportional to a decrease in transmittance after the stirring has stopped.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the settling rate correlates to −dA/dt where dA is the change in absorbance measurements over a period of time dt.
12. A method for determining a settling rate of at least one foulant in oil-based fluids comprising:
stirring an oil-based fluid during a turbidimetric flocculation titration of the oil-based fluid; wherein the turbidimetric flocculation titration comprises solvent dosing and obtaining transmittance measurements of the oil-based fluid during the turbidimetric flocculation titration;
stopping the solvent dosing;
stopping the stirring 10 to 100 seconds after a time when at least two or more transmittance measurements are substantially similar;
measuring the transmittance of the oil-based fluid to determine a settling rate of the at least one foulant; wherein the settling rate is proportional to an increase in transmittance after the stirring has stopped; and
comparing the at least one foulant settling rate of a first oil-based fluid determined using the foregoing steps to the at least one foulant settling rate of a second oil-based fluid determined using the foregoing steps to bring a setting rate of a blend of the first oil-based fluid and second oil-based fluid into a pre-determined range from about 0 (s) −1 to about 0.0005 (s) −1 .