Seal element

1. A seal element which is comprised of an elastomeric composite comprising an elastomeric polymer blended with a phase change material (PCM), the PCM having a heat of fusion larger than 200 kJ/kg and a phase transition point within the temperature range of 233-272 K, wherein the PCM provides heat to the elastomeric polymer upon cooling of the seal element to the phase transition point of the PCM, wherein at least one surface of the seal element is PCM-free, and wherein the elastomeric polymer is a synthetic rubber chosen from the group of NBR (nitrile butadiene), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butadiene), FKM (fluoroelastomer), FFKM (perfluoroelastomer), or any combination thereof.

2. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of PCM is in the range of 1-25% v/v based on the total volume of the elastomeric composite at 20° C.

3. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM has a heat of fusion greater than 300 kJ/kg.

4. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the phase transition point is within the temperature range of 243-272 K.

5. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM is chosen from the group of paraffins, alcohols, glycols, salt hydrates, ionic liquids, eutectic solutions, eutectic metals, or any combination thereof.

6. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM has a solid-liquid phase change at the transition point.

7. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM is linked to or is an integrated part of a polymer material.

8. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM is encapsulated in macro-, micro- or nanosized capsules having a mean diameter size of from 0.1 nm to 5 mm.

9. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM is evenly distributed throughout the elastomeric composite.

10. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM occupies only an internal volume of the seal element.

11. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the heat is sufficient to increase the temperature of the elastomeric polymer in the range of 5 to 50 K when the seal element is cooled to the phase transition point of the PCM.

12. A method of manufacturing a seal element comprising the steps of:

obtaining an elastomeric composite comprising an elastomeric polymer blended with a phase change material (PCM) having a heat of fusion larger than 200 kJ/kg and a phase transition point within the temperature range of 233-272 K, the PCM providing heat to the elastomeric polymer upon cooling to the phase transition point of the PCM; and

molding the elastomeric composite into at least a part of the seal element;

wherein the seal element comprises at least one surface which is PCM-free; and

wherein the elastomeric polymer is a synthetic rubber chosen from the group of NBR (nitrile butadiene), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butadiene), FKM (fluoroelastomer), FFKM (perfluoroelastomer), or any combination thereof.

13. A method of sealing a pressure retaining system, comprising the steps of:

providing a seal element which is comprised of an elastomeric composite comprising an elastomeric polymer blended with a phase change material (PCM), the PCM having a heat of fusion larger than 200 kJ/kg and a phase transition point within the temperature range of 233-272 K, wherein the PCM provides heat to the elastomeric polymer upon cooling of the seal element to the phase transition point of the PCM, wherein at least one surface of the seal element is PCM-free, and wherein the elastomeric polymer is a synthetic rubber chosen from the group of NBR (nitrile butadiene), HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butadiene), FKM (fluoroelastomer), FFKM (perfluoroelastomer), or any combination thereof; and

installing the seal element in the system.

14. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composite constitutes more than 50% v/v of said seal element based on the total volume of the seal element.

15. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composite constitutes more than 90% v/v of said seal element based on the total volume of the seal element.

16. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composite constitutes more than 95% v/v of said seal element based on the total volume of the seal element.

17. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composite constitutes more than 99% v/v of said seal element based on the total volume of the seal element.

18. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the PCM has a heat of fusion greater than 350 kJ/kg.

19. A seal element according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric composite constitutes more than 20% v/v of said seal element based on the total volume of the seal element.