Polymers based on fused diketopyrrolopyrroles

1. A polymer, comprising one or more (repeating) unit(s) of formula

wherein Y is of formula

a is 0, 1, 2, or 3, a′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; b′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and c′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3;

Ar and Ar′ denote a homo- or heteroaromatic system, which may be substituted, or unsubstituted;

R 1 , R 1′ , R 2 and R 2′ may be the same or different, and are selected from hydrogen,

a C 1 -C 100 alkyl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group; and/or can optionally be interrupted by —O—, —S—, —NR 39 —, CONR 39 —, NR 39 CO—, —COO—, —CO— or —OCO—,

a C 2 -C 100 alkenyl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group; and/or can optionally be interrupted by —O—, —S—, —NR 39 —, CONR 39 —, NR 39 CO—, —COO—, —CO— or —OCO—,

a C 3 -C 100 alkinyl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group; and/or can optionally be interrupted by —O—, —S—, —NR 39 —, CONR 39 —, NR 39 CO—, —COO—, —CO— or —OCO—,

a C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group; and/or can optionally be interrupted by —O—, —S—, —NR 39 —, CONR 39 —, NR 39 CO—, —COO—, —CO— or —OCO—,

a C 6 -C 24 aryl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C 1 -C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group;

a C2-C20heteroaryl group which can optionally be substituted one or more times with C1-C 12 alkyl, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy, halogen, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl, nitro, cyano, vinyl, allyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, a silyl group, or a siloxanyl group;

a —CO—C 1 -C 18 alkyl group, a —CO—C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, or —COO—C 1 -C 18 alkyl group; R 39 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 18 alkyl, C 1 -C 18 haloalkyl, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkanoyl, Ar 1 , Ar 1′ , Ar 2 , Ar 2′ , Ar 3 and Ar 3′ are independently of each other

 such as, for example,

wherein

X is —O—, —S—, —NR 8 —, —Si(R 11 )(R 11′ )—, —Ge(R 11 )(R 11′ )—, —C(R 7 )(R 7′ )—, —C(═O)—,

wherein

X 1 is S, O, NR 107 —, —Si(R 117 )(R 117′ )—, —Ge(R 117 )(R 117′ )—C(R 108 )(R 109 )—, —C(═O)—,

R 3 and R 3′ are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, halogenated C 1 -C 25 alkyl, CF 3 , cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkoxy;

R 4 , R 4′ , R 5 , R 5′ , R 6 and R 6′ are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, halogenated C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially CF 3 , cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkoxy;

R 7 , R 7′ , R 9 and R 9′ are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one, or more oxygen, or sulphur atoms; or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl,

R 8 and R 8′ are independently of each other hydrogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; or C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl,

R 11 and R 11′ are independently of each other C 1 -C 25 alkyl group, especially a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or a phenyl group, which can be substituted one to three times with C 1 -C 8 alkyl and/or C 1 -C 8 alkoxy;

R 12 and R 12′ are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one, or more oxygen, or sulphur atoms, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or , wherein R 13 is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, or a tri(C 1 -C 8 alkyl)silyl group;

R 104 and R 104′ are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 18 alkyl, cyano, COOR 103 , C 6 -C 10 aryl, which may optionally be substituted by G, or C 2 -C 8 heteroaryl, which is optionally substituted by G,

R 103 and R 103′ are independently of each other C 1 -C 100 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 6 -C 24 aryl which is substituted by G, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, or C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl which is substituted by G,

R 105 , R 105′ , R 106 , and R 106′ are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy,

R 107 is hydrogen, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 18 perfluoroalkyl; C 1 -C 25 alkyl; C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which may be interrupted by —O—, or —S—; or —COOR 103 ; R 103 is as defined above;

R 108 and R 109 are independently of each other H, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, C 1 -C 25 alkyl which is substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 6 -C 24 aryl which is substituted by G, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl which is substituted by G, C 2 -C 18 alkenyl, C 2 -C 18 alkynyl, C 1 -C 18 alkoxy, C 1 -C 18 alkoxy which is substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, or C 7 -C 25 aralkyl, or R 108 and R 109 together form a group of formula ═CR 110 R 111 ,

wherein

R 110 and R 111 are independently of each other H, C 1 -C 18 alkyl, C 1 -C 18 alkyl which is substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 6 -C 24 aryl which is substituted by G, or C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, or C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl which is substituted by G, or

R 108 and R 109 together form a five or six membered ring, which optionally is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, C 1 -C 18 alkyl which is substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, C 6 -C 24 aryl, C 6 -C 24 aryl which is substituted by G, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl, C 2 -C 20 heteroaryl which is substituted by G, C 2 -C 18 alkenyl, C 2 -C 18 alkynyl, C 1 -C 18 alkoxy, C 1 -C 18 alkoxy which is substituted by E and/or interrupted by D, or C 7 -C 25 aralkyl,

D is —CO—, —COO—, —S—, —O—, or —NR 112 —,

E is C 1 -C 8 thioalkoxy, C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, CN, —NR 112 R 113 , —CONR 112 R 113 or halogen,

G is E, or C1-C18alkyl, and

R 112 and R 113 are independently of each other H; C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 18 alkyl; or C 1 -C 18 alkyl which is interrupted by —O—,

R 114 is C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one, or more oxygen, or sulphur atoms,

R 115 and R 115′ are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one, or more oxygen, or sulphur atoms, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or , wherein R 116 is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, or a tri(C 1 -C 8 alkyl)silyl group;

R 117 and R 117′ are independently of each other C 1 -C 25 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group, C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or a phenyl group, which can be substituted one to three times with C 1 -C 8 alkyl and/or C 1 -C 8 alkoxy;

R 118 , R 119 , R 120 and R 121 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, halogenated C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially CF 3 , cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which may optionally be interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkoxy;

R 122 and R 122′ are independently of each other hydrogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; or C 1 -C 25 alkyl, especially C 3 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms; or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl.

2. The polymer according to claim 1 , comprising one or more units of formula

wherein Y is of formula

wherein

a is 0, 1, 2, or 3, a′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3.

3. The polymer according to claim 1 , comprising one or more units of formula

wherein

R 1 , R 1′ , R 2 and R 2′ may be the same or different and are selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 38 alkyl group;

R 91 , R 91′ and R 91″ are independently of each other H, halogen, especially F; cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms, especially F; or C 1 -C 25 alkyl,

R 92 is H, halogen, especially F; cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl,

R 94 is hydrogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, halogen, F; or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which may optionally be interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms and/or is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, F; or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl; and

R 99′″ is hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or two groups R 99 can form a 5 or 6 membered alkyl ring; or is one or more units of formula

wherein

R 1 , R 1′ , R 2 and R 2′ may be the same or different and are selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 38 alkyl group;

R 99 , R 99′ , R 99″ and R 99* are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms; C 3 -C 25 alkyl, or C 3 -C 25 alkyl which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms;

R 121 , R 122 , R 123 , R 124 and R 125 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 18 alkoxy or C 1 -C 25 alkyl; and

R 130 is hydrogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, halogen, F; or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms and/or is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, F; or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl.

4. The polymer according to claim 3 , comprising one or more units of formula

 wherein

R 1 and R 1′ may be the same or different and are selected from hydrogen, or a C 1 -C 38 alkyl group; R 91 is H, F; cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more F; or C 1 -C 25 alkyl, R 99 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or two groups R 99 form a 5 or 6 membered alkyl ring.

5. The polymer according to claim 1 , comprising units of formula

wherein

A is a repeating unit of formula (I), and

-COM 1 - is a repeating unit, which has the meaning of Ar 1 , wherein Ar 1 is as defined in claim 1 , or is of formula

s is 1, t is 1, u is 0, or 1, v is 0, or 1, and

Ar 14 , Ar 15 , Ar 16 and Ar 17 are independently of each other a group of formula

 wherein one of X 5 and X 6 is N and the other is CR 14 , and

R 14 , R 14′ , R 17 and R 17′ are independently of each other H, or a C 1 -C 25 alkyl group.

6. The polymer according to claim 5 , which is a polymer of formula

wherein A and COM 1 are as defined in claim 5 ; and n is 4 to 1000.

7. The polymer according to claim 5 , wherein A is a repeating unit of formula (Ya), (Yb), (Yd), (Yj), (Yo), (Yo*), (Yaf), (Yah), (Ya′), (Yb′), (Yd′), (Yj′), (Yo′), (Yaf′), or (Yah′)

is of formula

where R 3 , R 3′ , R 17 and R 17′ are independently of each other hydrogen, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl, and R 104 and R 104′ are independently of each other hydrogen, cyano or a C 1 -C 25 alkyl group, and

R 108 and R 109 are independently of each other a C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which may be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms.

8. The polymer according to claim 7 including a repeat unit of formula

and

n is 4 to 1000.

9. The polymer according to claim 5 , wherein

is of formula

wherein

R 108 and R 109 are independently of each other a C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which may be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms.

10. The polymer according to claim 8 , wherein

is of formula

wherein

R 108 and R 109 are independently of each other a C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which may be interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms.

11. The polymer according to claim 5 , which is of formula

wherein

n is 4 to 1000,

R 1 and R 2 are independently of each other hydrogen, a phenyl group, which is optionally substituted by one, or more C 1 -C 18 alkyl groups, or a C 1 -C 38 alkyl group,

R 3 and R 3′ are independently of each other hydrogen, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl;

R 12 and R 12′ are independently of each other hydrogen, F, cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or , and R 13 is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, or a tri(C 1 -C 8 alkyl)silyl group;

R 17 and R 17′ are independently of each other H, or a C 1 -C 25 alkyl group;

R 91 , R 91′ and R 91″ are independently of each other H, halogen, F; cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms or C 1 -C 25 alkyl,

R 92 is H, halogen, F, cyano, C 1 -C 25 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl, and

R 99 and R 99′ are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or two moieties R 99 form a 5 or 6 membered alkyl ring.

12. The polymer according to claim 11 which is of formula

wherein n is 4 to 1000.

13. An organic semiconductor material, layer or component, comprising a polymer according to claim 1 .

14. A semiconductor device comprising a polymer according to claim 1 .

15. A semiconductor device comprising an organic semiconductor material layer or component according to claim 13 .

16. The semiconductor device according to claim 14 , which is an organic photovoltaic device, a photodiode, or an organic field effect transistor.

17. Process for the preparation of an organic semiconductor device, the process comprising providing a solution and/or dispersion of a polymer according to claim 1 in an organic solvent,

applying the solution and/or dispersion to a suitable substrate, and removing the solvent.

18. A compound of formula

wherein

X 2 and X 2′ are independently of each other F, Cl, Br, or I, ZnX 12 , —SnR 207 R 208 R 209 , and R 207 , R 208 and R 209 are identical or different, and are H or C 1 -C 6 alkyl, wherein two radicals optionally form a common ring and these radicals are optionally branched or unbranched,

—SiR 210 R 211 R 212 , and R 210 , R 211 and R 212 are identical or different, and are halogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl;

X 12 is a halogen atom, I, or Br; —OS(O) 2 CF 3 , —OS(O) 2 -aryl, —B(OH) 2 , —B(OY 1 ) 2 , —OS(O) 2 CH 3 ,

 —BF 4 Na, or —BF 4 K,

wherein Y 1 is independently in each occurrence a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group and Y 2 is independently in each occurrence a C 2 -C 10 alkylene group, —CY 3 Y 4 —CY 5 Y 6 —, or —CY 7 Y 8 —CY 9 Y 10 —CY 11 Y 12 —, wherein Y 3 , Y 4 , Y 5 , Y 6 , Y 7 , Y 8 , Y 9 , Y 10 , Y 11 and Y 12 are independently of each other hydrogen, or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, —C(CH 3 ) 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 —, or —CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 —, and

Y 13 and Y 14 are independently of each other hydrogen, or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group;

Y is a group of formula

a is 0, 1, 2, or 3, a′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; b′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c′ is 0, 1, 2, or 3;

Ar and Ar′ are independently of each other

wherein

R 1 , R 1′ , R 2 and R 2′ may be the same or different and are selected from hydrogen or a C 1 -C 38 alkyl group,

X 92 is O, S, CR 99 R 99′ , or NR 130 ,

X 93 is O, S, or NR 130 ,

X 94 is O, S, or NR 130 ,

R 99 , R 99′ , R 99″ and R 99* are independently of each other hydrogen, C 1 -C 25 alkyl, or C 1 -C 25 alkyl substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or two moieties R 99 and R 99′ or R 99″ and R 99* can form a 5 or 6 membered alkyl ring, which is optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms;

R 121 , R 122 , R 123 , R 124 and R 125 are independently of each other hydrogen, halogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, halogen; or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms or is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, F or C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl;

R 130 is hydrogen, C 6 -C 18 aryl; C 6 -C 18 aryl which is substituted by C 1 -C 18 alkyl, halogen, especially F; or C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 1 -C 25 alkyl, which is optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen or sulphur atoms or is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms; or

C 7 -C 25 arylalkyl; and

Ar1, Ar1′, Ar2, Ar2′, Ar3 and Ar3′ are as defined in claim 7 .

19. The compound according to claim 18 of formula

20. The compound according to claim 18 of formula X 2 and X 2′ are independently selected from Br or I.