Apparatus for providing constant torque output from a door closer or operator
A door closer or operator includes a pivoting pinion on the door closer housing for transmitting door motion, and a cam connected thereto. A connecting member extends along a spring and engages the peripheral edge of the cam. Rotation of the cam causes a change in length of the portion of the connecting member between the position tangent to the cam peripheral edge and the spring second end to expand or compress the spring, resulting in a force transmitted along a longitudinal axis of the connecting member as a result of spring deflection. The cam peripheral edge has a profile with a varying radial distance between the cam axis and the connecting member at the position tangent to the cam peripheral edge such that the radial distance is changed as the spring expands or compresses to maintain a desired constant torque about the axis of the cam and pinion.
1. A method of controlling operation of a swing door, comprising the steps of:
providing a door in an open or closed position interposed in a door frame and secured to the door frame by at least one hinge;
providing a door closer mounted to one of the door frame or the door surface, the door closer including a housing, a pivoting pinion on the door closer housing for transmitting door motion between the door closer housing and the other of the door or door frame, a cam having a non-circular peripheral edge connected to the pinion and rotatable therewith about an axis, the cam having a groove disposed along the non-circular peripheral edge, a spring having two ends, with a first end secured to the door closer housing; and a connecting member comprising a cable, the cable having a first end secured to the cam and a second end secured to the spring adjacent a second end of the spring to compress the spring, the connecting member extending along the spring from the spring second end to a position beyond the spring first end where the connecting member is tangential to and engages the non-circular peripheral edge of the cam, the cam peripheral edge having a profile with a varying radial distance between the cam axis and the connecting member at the position tangent to the cam peripheral edge such that the radial distance is changed as the spring expands or compresses;
urging the door into the other of the open or closed position and rotating the pinion and connected cam about the cam axis as the door moves, the rotation of the cam causing the cable to wrap around the cam in the groove to compress the spring and cause a change in length of the portion of the connecting member between the position tangent to the cam peripheral edge and the spring second end to expand or compress the spring and transmitting a force along a longitudinal axis of the connecting member as a result of degree of compression of the spring, wherein the cam rotates less than 360° during movement of the door between the open and closed positions; and
maintaining a desired torque about the axis of the cam and the connected pinion as the door moves to the other of the open or closed position as a result of the changing radial distance of the cam axis to the cam peripheral edge at the position tangent to the connecting member as the spring expands or compresses.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the profile of the non-circular cam peripheral edge has a radial distance between the cam axis and the connecting member at a position tangent to the cam peripheral edge such that the radial distance is reduced as the spring compresses to maintain a constant torque about the axis of the cam and the connected pivoting member as the door moves to the other of the open or closed position.
3. The method of claim 1 further including a linkage arm for pivoting the door between open and closed positions, the linkage arm having a first end attached to and sliding with respect to a track mounted to the other of the door frame or the door surface and a second end secured to the pinion and rotatable therewith.
4. The method of claim 1 further including a double lever arm for pivoting the door between open and closed positions, the double lever arm having a first end mounted to the other of the door frame or the door surface and a second end secured to the pinion and rotatable therewith.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the door is secured to the pinion such that the axis of rotation of the door is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the pinion.