METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING LEBER'S HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY
The disclosure generally describes methods of preventing or treating Lebers hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). The methods comprise administering an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide to subjects in need thereof.
1 . A method for treating or preventing Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in a mammalian subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a peptide represented by the formula D-Arg-2′,6′-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH 2 .
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the peptide is administered intraocularly, iontophoretically, orally, topically, systemically, intravenously, subcutaneously, or intramuscularly.
4 . The method of claim 1 further comprising separately, sequentially, or simultaneously administering a second active agent.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the second active agent is selected from the group consisting of: a vitamin, an antioxidant, a metal complexer, an anti-inflammatory drug, an antibiotic, and an antihistamine.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the antioxidant is vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, lycopene, selenium, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q, glutathione, curcumin, idebenone, or a carotenoid.
7 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the second active agent is selected from the group consisting of: aceclidine, acetazolamide, anecortave, apraclonidine, atropine, azapentacene, azelastine, bacitracin, befunolol, betamethasone, betaxolol, bimatoprost, brimonidine, brinzolamide, carbachol, carteolol, celecoxib, chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, ciprofloxacin, cromoglycate, cromolyn, cyclopentolate, cyclosporin, dapiprazole, demecarium, dexamethasone, diclofenac, dichlorphenamide, dipivefrin, dorzolamide, echothiophate, emedastine, epinastine, epinephrine, erythromycin, ethoxzolamide, eucatropine, fludrocortisone, fluorometholone, flurbiprofen, fomivirsen, framycetin, ganciclovir, gatifloxacin, gentamycin, homatropine, hydrocortisone, idoxuridine, indomethacin, isoflurophate, ketorolac, ketotifen, latanoprost, levobetaxolol, levobunolol, levocabastine, levofloxacin, lodoxamide, loteprednol, medrysone, methazolamide, metipranolol, moxifloxacin, naphazoline, natamycin, nedocromil, neomycin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, olopatadine, oxymetazoline, pemirolast, pegaptanib, phenylephrine, physostigmine, pilocarpine, pindolol, pirenoxine, polymyxin B, prednisolone, proparacaine, ranibizumab, rimexolone, scopolamine, sezolamide, squalamine, sulfacetamide, suprofen, tetracaine, tetracyclin, tetrahydrozoline, tetryzoline, timolol, tobramycin, travoprost, triamcinulone, trifluoromethazolamide, trifluridine, trimethoprim, tropicamide, unoprostone, vidarbine, xylometazoline, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and combinations thereof.
8 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the vitamin is selected from the group consisting of: vitamin B2 and vitamin B12.