A method of beamforming a transmission from an antenna array having rows of antenna elements and columns of antenna elements may include determining a first precoding matrix associated with a first orientation. The method may further include determining a second precoding matrix associated with a second orientation. The method may further include transmitting a transmission having beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix and based at least in part on the second precoding matrix.
1. A method of beamforming a transmission from an array antenna including rows of antenna elements and columns of antenna elements, the method comprising:
determining a first precoding matrix associated with a first orientation;
determining a second precoding matrix associated with a second orientation;
transmitting a transmission including beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix and based at least in part on the second precoding matrix;
transmitting first reference symbols; and
transmitting second reference symbols different from the first reference symbols, including beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix,
wherein:
determining the first precoding matrix is based at least in part on a first feedback received in response to transmitting a first set of reference symbols; and
determining the second precoding matrix is based at least in part on a second feedback received in response to transmitting a second set of reference symbols different from the first set of reference symbols, the second feedback based at least in part on a predefined one-dimensional beamforming codebook.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the first precoding matrix includes a vertical precoding matrix;
the first orientation is associated with a column orientation of the columns of antenna elements;
the second precoding matrix includes a horizontal precoding matrix; and
the second orientation is associated with a row orientation of the rows of antenna elements.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein transmitting the first set of reference symbols includes transmitting the first reference symbols from one of the columns of antenna elements.
4. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising transmitting an indicator that the first feedback is to be based on the first reference symbols over a period of time, wherein transmitting the first reference symbols includes transmitting the first reference symbols from more than one of the columns of antenna elements over the period of time.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first feedback includes a first precoding-matrix identifier (PMI).
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first feedback is based at least in part on a pre-defined rank-1 codebook.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first feedback is based at least in part on a codebook based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT).
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining a channel matrix.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising estimating a composite channel including the first precoding matrix and the channel matrix.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmission includes a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission including demodulation reference signals (DM-RS), the DM-RS having beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix and based at least in part on the second precoding matrix.
11. A base station comprising:
an array antenna including rows of antenna elements and columns of antenna elements; and
a non-transitory computer-readable medium having encoded therein programming code executable by a processor to perform operations of beamforming a transmission from the array antenna, the operations comprising:
determining a first precoding matrix associated with a first orientation;
determining a second precoding matrix associated with a second orientation;
transmitting the transmission including beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix and based at least in part on the second precoding matrix;
transmitting first reference symbols; and
transmitting second reference symbols different from the first reference symbols, including beamforming based at least in part on the first precoding matrix,
wherein:
determining the first precoding matrix is based at least in part on a first feedback received in response to transmitting a first set of reference symbols; and
determining the second precoding matrix is based at least in part on a second feedback received in response to transmitting a second set of reference symbols different from the first set of reference symbols, the second feedback based at least in part on a predefined one-dimensional beamforming codebook.
12. The base station of claim 11 , wherein:
the first precoding matrix includes a vertical precoding matrix;
the first orientation is associated with a column orientation of the columns of antenna elements;
the second precoding matrix includes a horizontal precoding matrix; and
the second orientation is associated with a row orientation of the rows of antenna elements.
13. The base station of claim 11 , wherein transmitting the first set of reference symbols includes transmitting the first reference symbols from one of the columns of antenna elements.
14. The base station of claim 11 , wherein:
transmitting the first reference symbols includes transmitting the first reference symbols from more than one of the columns of antenna elements over a period of time; and
the operations further comprise transmitting an indicator that the first feedback is to be based on the first reference symbols over the period of time.