System for syngas clean-up of semi-volatile organic compounds
A system and method for processing unconditioned syngas first removes solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), then removes volatile organic compounds (VOC), and then removes at least one sulfur containing compound from the syngas. Additional processing may be performed depending on such factors as the source of syngas being processed, the products, byproducts and intermediate products desired to be formed, captured or recycled and environmental considerations.
1. A system for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from unconditioned syngas having steam contained therein, the unconditioned syngas having a first temperature above a SVOC condensation temperature, the system comprising:
a venturi scrubber ( 8100 ) configured to receive the unconditioned syngas, solvent and water and output an intermediate SVOC-depleted syngas containing steam together with a first mixture comprising SVOC, solids, solvent and water;
a char scrubber ( 8125 ) configured to receive the intermediate SVOC-depleted syngas containing steam and the first mixture, and separately output: (i) a first depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of SVOC relative to the unconditioned gas stream, and (ii) a second mixture comprising SVOC, solids, solvent and water;
a decanter ( 8275 ) configured to receive the second mixture and separate the water within the second mixture based upon immiscibility so that the SVOC, solids and solvent collect together to form a third mixture separate from the water within the decanter, the decanter further configured to separately output the water and the third mixture; and
a vessel ( 8300 ) arranged to receive the third mixture, the vessel having at least one liquid phase candle filter and a vessel bottom provided with a drain port; wherein:
the candle filter is capable of operating so that: (i) the solids agglomerate on a surface of the candle filter and form a filter cake, and (ii) the SVOC and solvent are removed through the candle filter, and
the drain port is suitable for removing filter cake therethrough.
2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
an SVOC separation system (SVOC- 1 ) configured to receive SVOC and solvent from the candle filter, and output a first stream of SVOC and a second stream of SVOC-depleted solvent.
3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the SVOC separation system comprises:
a flash tank ( 8350 ) configured to receive SVOC and solvent from the candle filter, flash the SVOC from the solvent, and output SVOC flash vapors and the second stream of SVOC-depleted solvent;
a condenser ( 8400 ) configured to receive the SVOC flash vapors and output the second stream of SVOC.
4. The system according to claim 3 , further comprising:
a SVOC vacuum system ( 8425 ) connected to the flash tank ( 8350 ) via the condenser ( 8400 ) and configured to lower a pressure within the flash tank to aid in separation of the SVOC vapors from the second stream of SVOC-depleted solvent.
5. A system for processing unconditioned syngas, comprising:
a system according to claim 1 for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) (D- 1 ) from the unconditioned syngas to thereby form a first depleted syngas stream;
a compressor ( 8600 ) configured to receive and compress the first depleted syngas stream; a pressure swing adsorption system (VOC- 1 ) comprising parallel first and second microchannel heat exchange adsorbers ( 8625 A & 8625 B) capable of being operated such that while the first heat exchange adsorber ( 8625 A) is in an adsorption mode, the second heat exchange adsorber is in a regeneration mode ( 8625 B), the pressure swing adsorption system (VOC- 1 ) configured to receive the compressed first depleted syngas stream and separately output: (i) a second depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of volatile organic compounds (VOC) relative to the compressed first depleted syngas stream, and (ii) volatile organic compounds (VOC); and
at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream and remove at least one sulfur compound therefrom to produce a sulfur-depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of sulfur relative to the second depleted syngas stream.
6. The system for processing unconditioned syngas according to claim 5 , wherein:
the at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream comprises either:
(a) an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) alone; or
(b) a hydrolysis bed ( 8875 ) and an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) arranged in series.
7. A system for processing unconditioned syngas, comprising:
a system according to claim 1 for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) (D- 1 ) from the unconditioned syngas to thereby form the first depleted syngas stream;
a compressor ( 8600 ) configured to receive and compress the first depleted syngas stream; an aromatic hydrocarbon fluidized adsorption bed ( 8700 ) configured to receive the compressed first depleted syngas stream and separately output: (i) a second depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of volatile organic compounds (VOC) relative to the compressed first depleted syngas stream, and (ii) VOC-laden sorbent, in combination with a regeneration fluidized bed ( 8725 ) configured to receive the VOC-laden sorbent from the aromatic hydrocarbon fluidized adsorption bed ( 8700 ) and separately output the VOC and the sorbent; and
at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream and remove at least one sulfur compound therefrom to produce a sulfur-depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of sulfur relative to the second depleted syngas stream.
8. The system for processing unconditioned syngas according to claim 7 , wherein:
the at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream comprises either:
(a) an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) alone; or
(b) a hydrolysis bed ( 8875 ) and an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) arranged in series.
9. A system for processing unconditioned syngas, comprising:
a system according to claim 1 for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) (D- 1 ) from the unconditioned syngas to thereby form a first depleted syngas stream;
a compressor ( 8600 ) configured to receive and compress the first depleted syngas stream; an aromatic hydrocarbon fixed adsorption bed ( 8625 ) configured to receive the compressed first depleted syngas stream and separately output: (i) a second depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of volatile organic compounds (VOC) relative to the compressed first depleted syngas stream, and (ii) VOC-laden sorbent for regeneration into a VOC stream and a sorbent stream, and
at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream and remove at least one sulfur compound therefrom to produce a sulfur-depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of sulfur relative to the second depleted syngas stream.
10. The system for processing unconditioned syngas according to claim 9 , wherein:
the at least one bed configured to receive the second depleted syngas stream comprises either:
(a) an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) alone; or
(b) a hydrolysis bed ( 8875 ) and an adsorption bed ( 8900 ) arranged in series.
11. The system according to claim 10 , further comprising:
an SVOC separation system (SVOC- 1 ) configured to receive said SVOC-laden solvent and output an SVOC-depleted solvent.
12. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the SVOC separation system comprises:
an SVOC sorptive separator ( 8475 ) configured to receive and separate filtered SVOC-laden solvent into a first stream comprising said SVOC-depleted solvent and a second stream comprising SVOCs; and
an SVOC condenser ( 8400 ) configured to condense said second stream comprising SVOCs.
13. The system according to claim 12 , wherein the SVOC sorptive separator ( 8475 ) comprises a membrane or a packed bed of adsorbent.
14. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the SVOC separation system comprises:
an SVOC flash tank ( 8350 ) configured to receive and separate SVOC-laden solvent into a first stream comprising said SVOC-depleted solvent and a second stream comprising SVOCs; and
an SVOC condenser ( 8400 ) configured to condense said second stream comprising SVOCs.
15. The system according to claim 14 , further comprising:
an SVOC flash tank heat exchanger ( 8325 ) configured to receive and heat said SVOC-laden solvent before said SVOC-laden solvent is received by said SVOC flash tank ( 8350 ); and
a solvent cooler ( 8375 ) configured to receive and cool said SVOC depleted solvent.
16. The system according to claim 11 , further comprising
a first recirculation solvent line ( 32 ) configured to convey a first portion of the SVOC-depleted solvent to the venturi scrubber; and
a second recirculation solvent line ( 40 ) configured to convey a second portion of the SVOC-depleted solvent to the char scrubber.
17. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a recirculation loop configured to backflush the candle filter using a portion of the SVOC and solvent removed through the candle filter.
18. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a heat exchanger ( 8150 ) configured to receive water from the decanter ( 8275 ) and to provide water to both the venturi scrubber ( 8100 ) and the char scrubber ( 8125 ).
19. A system for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from unconditioned syngas having steam contained therein, the unconditioned syngas having a first temperature above a SVOC condensation temperature, the system comprising:
a venturi scrubber ( 8100 ) configured to receive the unconditioned syngas, solvent and water and output an intermediate SVOC-depleted syngas containing steam together with a first mixture comprising SVOC, solids, solvent and water;
a char scrubber ( 8125 ) configured to receive the intermediate SVOC-depleted syngas containing steam and the first mixture, and separately output: (i) a first depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of SVOC relative to the unconditioned gas stream, and (ii) a second mixture comprising SVOC, solids, solvent and water;
a decanter ( 8275 ) configured to receive the second mixture and separate the water within the second mixture based upon immiscibility so that the SVOC, solids and solvent collect together to form a third mixture separate from the water within the decanter, the decanter further configured to separately output the water and the third mixture;
a heat exchanger ( 8150 ) configured to receive water from the decanter ( 8275 ) and to provide water to both the venturi scrubber ( 8100 ) and the char scrubber ( 8125 ); and
a separation device arranged to receive the third mixture and separate the solids from the SVOC and solvent, and output an SVOC-laden solvent.
20. A system for removing solids and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from unconditioned syngas having steam contained therein, the unconditioned syngas having a first temperature above a SVOC condensation temperature, the system comprising:
at least one scrubber ( 8100 , 8125 ) configured to receive the unconditioned syngas and water, and separately output: (i) a first depleted syngas stream which has a reduced amount of SVOC relative to the unconditioned gas stream, and (ii) a second mixture comprising at least solids and water;
a decanter ( 8275 ) configured to receive the second mixture and separate the solids from a least a portion of the water;
a heat exchanger ( 8150 ) configured to receive said a least a portion of the water from the decanter ( 8275 ) and return water to at least one scrubber; and
a separation device arranged to receive at least said solids separated by said decanter.
21. The system according to claim 20 , wherein:
one or more SVOCs are included in the second mixture, and
the decanter receives said one or more SVOCs.