Lithium ion secondary battery
The present invention relates to a secondary battery, specifically, a secondary battery having excellent stability and improved output characteristic and low temperature characteristic by including a cathode active material in which at least one of metals forming the cathode active material has a concentration gradient in an entire region from a central portion up to a surface portion; and a conductive material mixture in which carbon nanotube is mixed with carbon black at an appropriate ratio, the carbon black being a spherical nanoparticle.
1. A secondary battery comprising:
A cathode active material in which at least one of metals forming the cathode active material has a concentration gradient in an entire region from a central portion up to a surface portion;
a conductive material mixture in which carbon nanotube is mixed with carbon black; and wherein the carbon black and the carbon nanotube are mixed at a mixing ratio of 10:1 to 6:4,
wherein the cathode active material is represented by Chemical Formula 1 below, and in Chemical Formula 1, at least one of M1, M2, and M3 has a continuous concentration gradient from the central portion up to the surface portion:
Li x M1 a M2 h M3 c O v Chemical Formula 1
wherein in Chemical Formula 1,
M1 is Ni, M2 is Mn, and M3 is Co, and
0<x<1.1, 2<y<2.02, 0<a<l, 0<b<1, 0<c<1, 0<a+b+c<1;
wherein any one of M1, M2, and M3 has a predetermined concentration from the central portion up to the surface portion, and another one has a concentration gradient region in which a concentration is increased from the central portion up to the surface portion, and the other one has a concentration gradient region in which a concentration is decreased from the central portion up to the surface portion,
wherein the central portion of the particle means a portion within a radius of 0.1 to 0.2 μm from the center of the active material particle, and the surface portion of the particle means a portion within a radius of 0.1 to 0.2 μm from the outermost of the particle.
2. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the carbon black is a spherical nanoparticle.
3. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein M1 is Ni, and 0.6≤a≤0.95 and 0.05≤b+c≤0.4 are satisfied.
4. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein M1 is Ni, and 0.7≤a≤0.9 and 0.1≤b+c≤0.3 are satisfied.
5. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the conductive material mixture has a content of 2 to 8 wt % relative to 100 wt % of the cathode active material.