Polyacrylate salt, methods of preparation and applications for employing the same
The present invention relates to a crosslinked polyacrylate salt, which has been neutralized by two types of amines: (1) amine groups attached to the polymer backbone of an aminosilicone and (2) water soluble organic amines. The compositions of the present invention can readily swell in water, displaying enhanced thickening, emulsifying, dispersing and producing film with water resistance compared to acrylate based thickener alone. The compositions can be used to formulate a wide variety of ingredients, such as, for example, fatty substances, humectants, solid particles, silicones, organic or inorganic sunscreens, without the need of further neutralizing agents, dispersants or emulsifiers.
1. A composition comprising a crosslinked polyacrylate salt obtained by the steps of
(a) reacting a crosslinked polyacrylic polymer and an aminosilicone copolymer in the presence of a reaction-promoting amount of water in the range of 0.2 to 0.99 wt % based on the total weight of the intermediate wax composition at a temperature range of from 90 to 120° C. for a reaction time of from 4 to 6 hours to obtain an intermediate wax composition; and
(b) reacting the intermediate wax composition with an aqueous solution of an organic amine base solution to produce the crosslinked polyacrylate salt,
wherein
the crosslinked polyacrylate salt has a backbone represented by the general formula:
wherein
R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl group, aryl group, alkaryl/aralkyl groups, and cycloaliphatic groups,
R′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl group, aryl group and alkyl/aryl groups having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms,
X ⊕ is a cationic amine group of the aminosilicone copolymer,
Y ⊕ is a cationic amine group of the organic amine base of tromethamine,
x is an integer between 50 and 20,000;
y is an integer between 50 and 20,000;
z is an integer between 0 and 5,000; and,
the ratio of x:(x+y) is between 0.02 and 0.2,
wherein
the aminosilicone copolymer is selected from the group consisting of
(i) an aminosilicone copolymer resulting from the epoxy ring opening reaction of:
R 1 R 2 NH and
wherein
R 1 is —R 3 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) a [OCH(CH 3 )CH 2 ] m —,
R 2 is H,
R 3 is (C n H 2n+1 )— where n is an integer from 1 to 30, or (C n′ H 2n′−1 )— where n′ is an integer from 2 to 30, or (C n″ H 2n″−3 )— where n″ is an integer from 4 to 30,
a is an integer from 2 to 4,
m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 100,
and
p is an integer from 2 to 1,000;
(ii) a block copolymer having the general formula of [AB]n
wherein
A is a polysiloxane group having the general formula of
[X(C a H 2a O) b R 6 [(SiO(R 5 ) 2 ] c Si(R 5 ) 2 R 6 (OC a H 2a ) b X],
B is a polyalkyleneoxide group having the general formula of
[YO(C a H 2a O) d Y],
R 5 is an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
R 6 is a divalent organic moiety,
X and Y are divalent organic groups selected from a secondary or tertiary amine and a ring opened epoxide, such that when X is a ring opened epoxide, Y is an amine and vice versa,
a is independently 2 to 4,
b is independently 0 to 100,
c is 1 to 500,
d is 0 to 100,
n is an integer from 1 to 500, and
(b+d) is 1 to 100; and,
(iii) a random copolymer of C and D
wherein
C is a polysiloxane group having the general formula:
—CR 7 R 8 —CR 9 (OH)R 11 —(SiR 10 2 O) x —SiR 10 2 —R 11 CR 9 (OH)CR 7 R 8 -L-
wherein
R 7 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
R 8 is independently selected from the group consisting of a bond, hydrogen and an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
R 9 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
with the proviso that if R 8 is a chemical bond, then R 9 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom, that form a ring containing the chemical bond, R 8 ,
R 10 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group containing up to 10 carbon atoms,
R 11 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
L is independently a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of —N(R 12 NR 13 2 )— and
wherein
R 12 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
R 13 is independently hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and
R 14 is a divalent hydrocarbon group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom or an —NR 13 — group,
x is an integer from 1 to 500, and
D is a polyalkylene oxide having the general formula of
—CR 7 R 8 —CR 9 (OH)R 11 —O(C a H 2a O) b R 11 C—R 9 (OH)CR 7 R 8 -L-
wherein R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 , L, a and b are defined as above,
wherein the obtained crosslinked polyacrylate salt has a Brookfield viscosity at 25° C. in the range of 15,000 to 50,000 cp when diluted at 3 wt % in water.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the reaction-promoting amount of water is in the range of 0.3 to 0.99 wt% based on the total weight of the intermediate wax composition.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the crosslinked polyacrylic polymer is selected from the group consisting of homopolymer of an unsaturated, polymerizable carboxylic monomer and copolymer of polymerizable carboxylic monomers.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the polymerizable carboxylic monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid and maleic anhydride.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the reaction of step (a) further comprises the presence of a non-aqueous diluent.
6. An aqueous emulsion comprising the composition of claim 1 .
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is used in a personal care composition, a cosmetic composition, a textile composition, an oil extraction composition, a coating composition, a paint composition, an agrochemical composition, a lubrication composition, a composition requiring irreversible thickening, and an emulsification composition.
8. A personal care composition comprising the composition of claim 1 .
9. A hair care or skin care composition comprising the composition of claim 1 .
10. A process for producing a composition containing a crosslinked polyacrylate salt, wherein the process comprising the steps of
(a) reacting a crosslinked polyacrylic polymer and an aminosilicone copolymer in the presence of a reaction-promoting amount of water of 0.2 wt % to 0.99 wt % at a temperature range of from 90 to 120° C. for a reaction time of from 4 to 6 hours to obtain an intermediate wax composition; and
(b) reacting the intermediate wax composition with an aqueous solution of an organic amine base solution to produce the crosslinked polyacrylate salt,
wherein
the crosslinked polyacrylate salt has a backbone represented by the general formula:
wherein
R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl group, aryl group, alkaryl/aralkyl groups, and cycloaliphatic groups,
R′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl group, aryl group and alkyl/aryl groups having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms,
X ⊕ is a cationic amine group of the aminosilicone copolymer,
Y ⊕ is a cationic amine group of the organic amine base of tromethamine,
x is an integer between 50 and 20,000;
y is an integer between 50 and 20,000;
z is an integer between 0 and 5,000; and,
the ratio of x:(x+y) is between 0.02 and 0.2,
wherein
the aminosilicone copolymer is selected from the group consisting of
(i) an aminosilicone copolymer resulting from the reaction of:
R 1 R 2 NH and
wherein
R 1 is —R 3 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) a [OCH(CH 3 )CH 2 ] m —,
R 2 is H,
R 3 is (C n H 2n+1 )— where n is an integer from 1 to 30, or (C n′ H 2n′−1 )— where n′ is an integer from 2 to 30, or (C n″ H 2n″−3 )— where n″ is an integer from 4 to 30,
a is an integer from 2 to 4,
m is 0 or an integer from 1 to 100,
p is an integer from 2 to 1,000;
(ii) a block copolymer having the general formula of [AB]n
wherein
A is a polysiloxane group having the general formula of
[X(C a H 2a O) b R 6 [(SiO(R 5 ) 2 ] c Si(R 5 ) 2 R 6 (OC a H 2a ) b X],
B is a polyalkyleneoxide group having the general formula of
[YO(C a H 2a O) d Y],
R 5 is an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
R 6 is a divalent organic moiety,
X and Y are divalent organic groups selected from a secondary or tertiary amine and a ring opened epoxide, such that when X is a ring opened epoxide, Y is an amine and vice versa,
a is independently 2 to 4,
b is independently 0 to 100,
c is 1 to 500,
d is 0 to 100, and
(b+d) is 1 to 100; and,
(iii) a random copolymer of C and D
wherein
C is a polysiloxane group having the general formula:
—CR 7 R 8 —CR 9 (OH)R 11 —(SiR 10 2 O) x —SiR 10 2 —R 11 CR 9 (OH)CR 7 R 8 -L-
wherein
R 7 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
R 8 is independently selected from the group consisting of a bond, hydrogen, and an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
R 9 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or aralkyl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
with the proviso that if R 8 is a chemical bond, then R 9 is a divalent hydrocarbon group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom, that form a ring containing the chemical bond, R 8 ,
R 10 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group containing up to 10 carbon atoms,
R 11 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom,
L is independently a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of —N(R 12 NR 13 2 )— and
wherein
R 12 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
R 13 is independently hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and
R 14 is a divalent hydrocarbon group containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally containing an oxygen atom or an —NR 13 — group,
x is an integer from 1 to 500, and
D is a polyalkylene oxide having the general formula of
—CR 7 R 8 —CR 9 (OH)R 11 —O(C a H 2a O) b R 11 C—R 9 (OH)CR 7 R 8 -L-
wherein R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 , L, a and b are defined as above,
wherein the obtained crosslinked polyacrylate salt has a Brookfield viscosity at 25° C. in the range of 15,000 to 50,000 cp when diluted at 3 wt % in water.
11. The process of claim 10 wherein the reaction-promoting amount of water is in the range of 0.3 to 0.99 wt % based on the total weight of the intermediate wax composition.
12. A personal care composition comprising a composition made by the process of claim 10 .
13. A hair care or skin care composition comprising a composition made by the process of claim 10 .
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the reaction-promoting amount of water is in the range of 0.5 to 0.99 wt % based on the total weight of the intermediate wax composition.
15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of crosslinked polyacrylate salt present in the composition is from 1.46 wt. % to 48.71 wt. % based on the weight of the composition.
16. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of crosslinked polyacrylate salt obtained by the process is from 46.12 wt. % to 48.71 wt. % based on the weight of the composition.