Compositions and methods for producing benzylisoquinoline alkaloids
The present invention relates to host cells that produce compounds that are characterized as benzylisoquinolines, as well as select precursors and intermediates thereof. The host cells comprise one, two or more heterologous coding sequences wherein each of the heterologous coding sequences encodes an enzyme involved in the metabolic pathway of a benzylisoquinoline, or its precursors or intermediates from a starting compound. The invention also relates to methods of producing the benzylisoquinoline, as well as select precursors and intermediates thereof by culturing the host cells under culture conditions that promote expression of the enzymes that produce the benzylisoquinoline or precursors or intermediates thereof.
1. An engineered non-plant cell that produces a metabolite of tyrosine that is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product, said engineered non-plant cell comprising three heterologous coding sequences, wherein the three heterologous coding sequences encode a first, second, and third enzyme, respectively, that are involved in a metabolic pathway that converts the tyrosine into the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product, wherein the first, second, and third enzymes are operably connected along the metabolic pathway; and
wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is selected from the group consisting of a norcoclaurine, a coclaurine, a N-methylcoclaurine, a 3′-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine, a reticuline, a 6-O-methyl-norlaudanosoline, a 6-O-methyl-laudanosoline, a laudanine, a scoulerine, a tetrahydrocolumbamine, a canadine, a salutaridine, a salutaridinol, a salutaridinol-7-O-acetate, and a thebaine, and
wherein the first, second, and third enzymes involved in the metabolic pathway that produces the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product are each selected from the group consisting of L-tyrosine/dopa decarboxylase, Cytochrome P450 2D6, NADPH p450 reductase, Polyphenyloxidase, Tyrosine hydroxylase, GTPcyclohydrolase I, Monoamine oxidase A, Tyramine oxidase, Aromatic amino acid transaminase, Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, Norcoclaurine synthase, Norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase, Coclaurine-N-methyltransferase, Cytochrome P450 80B1, 4-O-methyltransferase, Berberine bridge enzyme, Reticuline 7-O-methyltransferase, Scoulerine 9-O-methyltransferase, Canadine synthase, Salutaridine reductase, Salutaridinol 7-O-acetyltransferase, Codeine reductase, and Berbamunine synthase.
2. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is norcoclaurine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Norcoclaurine synthase.
3. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is coclaurine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase.
4. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is N-methylcoclaurine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Coclaurine-N-methyltransferase.
5. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is 3′-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Cytochrome P450 80B1.
6. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is reticuline.
7. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 6 , wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises 4-O-methyltransferase.
8. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is 6-O-methyl-norlaudanosoline, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase.
9. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is 6-O-methyl-laudanosoline, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Norcoclaurine 6-O-methyltransferase.
10. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is tetrahydrocolumbamine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Scoulerine 9-O-methyltransferase.
11. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is laudanine, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Reticuline 7-O-methyltransferase.
12. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is canadine.
13. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 12 , wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Canadine synthase.
14. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is salutaridine.
15. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 14 , wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Cytochrome P450 2D6.
16. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is salutaridinol, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Salutaridine reductase.
17. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is salutaridinol-7-O-acetate, and wherein the engineered non-plant cell comprises Salutaridinol 7-O-acetyltransferase.
18. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product is thebaine.
19. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 1 , wherein the engineered non-plant cell is selected from the group of microbial cells, insect cells, mammalian cells, bacterial cells, and yeast cells.
20. The engineered non-plant cell of claim 19 , wherein the engineered non-plant cell is a yeast cell.