Organic electroluminescence element and method of manufacturing the same
View Patent ↗An organic electroluminescence (EL) element including: an anode; a first functional layer above the anode, the first functional layer having at least one of a hole injection property and a hole transport property; a light-emitting layer above the first functional layer, the light-emitting layer including an organic light-emitting material doped with an electron donor material; a second functional layer above the light-emitting layer, the second functional layer having at least one of an electron injection property and an electron transport property; and a cathode disposed above the second functional layer, wherein carrier density of the light-emitting layer is from 10 12 /cm 3 to 10 19 /cm 3 .
1. A method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence (EL) element, the method comprising:
forming an anode;
forming a bank layer, by pattern exposure, with openings;
forming a first functional layer above the anode in the openings, the first functional layer having at least one property selected from the group consisting of a hole injection property and a hole transport property;
forming an organic light-emitting material layer above the first functional layer in the openings, the organic light-emitting material layer comprising an organic light-emitting material;
forming a first intermediate layer above the organic light-emitting material layer contacting directly a top surface of the bank layer, the first intermediate layer comprising a compound, the compound comprising a first metal that is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal;
forming a second intermediate layer above the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer comprising a second metal selected from a group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, the second metal having a property of decomposing a bond between the first metal and another element in the compound;
forming a functional layer above the second intermediate layer, the functional layer having at least one property selected from the group consisting of an electron transport property and an electron injection property; and
forming a cathode above the functional layer, wherein
the forming of the second intermediate layer results in forming of a light-emitting layer from the organic light-emitting material layer by diffusion of the first metal into the organic light-emitting material layer, carrier density of the light-emitting layer being from 10 12 /cm 3 to 10 19 /cm 3 , and
the light-emitting layer has a different material composition than the organic light-emitting material layer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the first metal is lithium or sodium.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the second metal is barium.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the first intermediate layer is formed to have a film thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the second intermediate layer is formed to have a film thickness of 0.1 nm to 1 nm.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the light-emitting layer is formed after the forming of the organic light-emitting material layer.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein
the light-emitting layer is formed after the forming of the first intermediate layer and the forming of the second intermediate layer.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the light-emitting layer includes the first metal as an electron donor material, and the organic light-emitting material layer does not include the electron donor material.