Heterocyclic compounds useful as PDK1 inhibitors

1. A method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to said subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

R 1 is hydrogen or optionally substituted C 1-6 aliphatic;

X is —C(O)— or —S(O) 2 —,

L 1 is a covalent bond or a C 1-4 alkylene, optionally substituted with —(CH 2 ) 0-4 R ∘ or —(CH 2 ) 0-4 OR ∘ , wherein R ∘ is hydrogen;

A 1 is an optionally substituted bivalent ring selected from 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclylene, 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclylene, 4-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclylene having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclylene having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, phenylene, 8-10 membered bicyclic arylene, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylene having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;

L 2 is a covalent bond, or an optionally substituted alkylene chain;

Ring A 2 is a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 4-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a phenyl ring, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 10-16 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic tricyclic ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein Ring A 2 is optionally substituted with 1-4 R x groups;

each R x is independently —R, optionally substituted alkylidenyl, oxo, -halo, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R′) 2 , —C(O)R, —CO 2 R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH 2 C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O) 2 R, —C(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —OC(O)R, —N(R′)C(O)R, —N(R′)N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)OR, —N(R′)C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C═NOR, —N(R′)C(O)N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)S(O) 2 R, or —OC(O)N(R′) 2 ;

each R is independently hydrogen or an optionally substituted group selected from C 1-6 aliphatic, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 4-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a phenyl ring, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;

each R′ is independently —R, or two R′ groups on the same nitrogen are taken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted 5-8 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;

L 3 is unsubstituted methylene or methylene substituted with methyl or ethyl;

Ring A 3 is an optionally substituted ring selected from a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 4-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a phenyl ring, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;

Ring A 4 is

 and

R 3 is —R, -halo, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R′) 2 , —C(O)R, —CO 2 R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH 2 C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O) 2 R, —C(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —OC(O)R, —N(R′)C(O)R, —N(R′)N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)OR, —N(R′)C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C═NOR, —N(R′)C(O)N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)S(O) 2 R, or —OC(O)N(R′) 2 ;

R 4 is —R, -halo, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R′) 2 , —C(O)R, —CO 2 R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH 2 C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O) 2 R, —C(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —OC(O)R, —N(R′)C(O)R, —N(R′)N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)OR, —N(R′)C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C(═NR′)N(R′) 2 , —C═NOR, —N(R′)C(O)N(R′) 2 , —NHS(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —N(R′)S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —N(R′)S(O) 2 R, or —OC(O)N(R′) 2 ; or:

R 3 and R 4 are taken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted fused ring selected from a 4-7 membered partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, phenyl, a 5-6 membered partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,

wherein the cancer is associated with dysregulated Akt activation and is selected from glioma, thyroid carcinoma, breast carcinoma, lung cancer, gastric carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, pancreatic carcinoma, bile duct carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, malignant mesothelioma, malignant melanoma, and colon cancer;

wherein treating cancer does not encompass preventing cancer.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

R 3 is hydrogen, —Cl, or —CF 3 ;

R 4 is —CN, —NO 2 , —NH 2 , —NHC(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —CO 2 H, —CO 2 C 1-4 alkyl, —C(O)N(R′) 2 , —NHS(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —NHS(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl, —SC 1-6 alkyl, —S(O)C 1-6 alkyl, —S(O) 2 C 1-6 alkyl, —S(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or benzyloxy; and

each R′ is independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl, or two R′ groups on the same nitrogen are taken together with the intervening nitrogen to form an optionally substituted 5-6 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or aromatic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein Ring A 3 is phenyl, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, wherein Ring A 3 is optionally substituted with one or more halo or alkyl groups.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein L 1 is optionally substituted C 1-3 alkylene.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein A 1 is an optionally substituted bivalent ring selected from phenylene, an 8-10 membered bicyclic arylene, a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylene having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein L 2 is a covalent bond or an optionally substituted methylene.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein Ring A 2 is optionally substituted with 1-4 R x groups and is selected from phenyl, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is of formula III:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein:

R 3 is hydrogen, —Cl, or —CF 3 ;

R 4 is —CN, —NO 2 , —SC 1-4 alkyl, —S(O)C 1-4 alkyl, —S(O) 2 C 1-4 alkyl, —S(O)N(R′) 2 , —S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , —CF 3 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 CH 3 , or benzyloxy; or:

R 3 and R 4 are taken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted fused ring selected from a 4-7 membered partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, phenyl, a 5-6 membered partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; and

each R′ is independently hydrogen or C 1-4 alkyl.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is lung cancer, and the lung cancer is small-cell lung carcinoma or non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is leukemia and the leukemia is acute myeloid leukemia.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is colon cancer, and the colon cancer is microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer.

14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cancer is lung cancer, and the lung cancer is small-cell lung carcinoma or non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cancer is leukemia, and the leukemia is acute myeloid leukemia.

16. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cancer is colon cancer, and the colon cancer is microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer.