Composite torque tube end fitting attachment method
A low-cost method of manufacturing a composite tube assembly having a composite fiber tube connected to metallic end fittings includes placing at least one end fitting on a mandrel, the end fitting including a grip region having a plurality of external surfaces, wrapping a fiber tow around the grip region of each end fitting and the mandrel to form a fiber-wrapped assembly, curing the fiber tow, and removing the mandrel to yield a completed tube assembly. The method may include positioning a plurality of compression inserts around the grip region after some of the fiber tow has been wrapped around the grip region, and wrapping additional fiber tow around the compression inserts and the grip region. The compression inserts may have a rounded outer surface such that an end portion of the tube wound around the compression inserts has a round outer cross-sectional shape.
1. A composite tube assembly comprising:
a tube formed of a wound fiber-reinforced composite material;
a metallic end fitting including a stem and a transmission coupling at a distal end of the stem;
the stem including a grip region having a plurality of external surfaces;
a plurality of individual compression inserts;
wherein each of the plurality of external surfaces is associated with only one of the plurality of compression inserts, and each of the plurality of compression inserts is associated with only one of the plurality of external surfaces;
wherein an end portion of the tube is wound around the grip region of the stem and the compression inserts;
wherein the plurality of external surfaces are flat surfaces; and
wherein each of the plurality of compression inserts has a circular segment shape including a planar base facing a respective one of the plurality of flat external surfaces and a rounded surface intersecting with the planar base, and the end portion of the tube wound around the compression inserts has a round outer cross-sectional shape.
2. The composite tube assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the compression inserts are located between a radially inner winding of the fiber-reinforced composite material and a radially outer winding of the fiber-reinforced composite material.
3. The composite tube assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of external surfaces are flat surfaces.
4. The composite tube assembly according to claim 3 , wherein the compression inserts have a circular segment shape including a planar base facing a respective one of the plurality of flat external surfaces and a rounded surface extending from the planar base, and the end portion of the tube wound around the compression inserts has a round outer cross-sectional shape.
5. The composite tube assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the stem further includes a neck region between the grip region and the transmission coupling, wherein the neck region has a circular outer cross-sectional shape.
6. The composite tube assembly according to claim 5 , wherein the neck region is recessed relative to the plurality of external surfaces.
7. The composite tube assembly according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of external surfaces are recessed relative to the neck region.
8. The composite tube assembly according to claim 5 , wherein the end portion of the tube is wound around the grip region and the neck region of the stem.
9. The composite tube assembly according to claim 8 , wherein the end portion of the tube abuts with the transmission coupling.