Lithium ion secondary battery, electric tool, electric vehicle, and power storage system
A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide. The negative electrode contains a material including at least one of silicon Si and tin Sn as a constituent element. The lithium composite oxide includes lithium Li having a composition ratio a, a first element having a composition ratio b, and a second element having a composition ratio c as a constituent element. The first element including two kinds or more selected from among manganese Mn, nickel Ni, and cobalt Co, and including at least manganese. The second element including at least one kind selected from among aluminum Al, titanium Ti, magnesium Mg, and boron B. The composition ratios a to c satisfy the relationships of 1.1<a<1.3, 0.7<b+c<1.1, 0<c<0.1, and a>b+c.
1. A lithium ion secondary battery, comprising:
a positive electrode;
a negative electrode; and
an electrolytic solution,
wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide,
wherein the negative electrode contains a material including at least tin (Sn),
wherein the lithium composite oxide includes lithium (Li) with a composition ratio a1, a first element with a composition ratio b, and a second element with a composition ratio c,
wherein the first element comprises manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni),
wherein the second element being at least one kind selected from a group consisting of aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and boron (B), and
wherein the composition ratios a1, b, and c satisfy 1.1<a1<1.3, 0.7<b+c<0.9, 0.001<c<0.1, and a1>b+c.
2. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ,
wherein the lithium composite oxide is a compound expressed by Li a1 M1 b M2 c O d ,
wherein M1 is at least two kinds selected from a group consisting of manganese, nickel, and cobalt, and M1 includes at least manganese,
wherein M2 is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, and boron, and
wherein the composition ratios a1, b, c, and d satisfy 1.1<a1<1.3, 0.7<b+c<0.9, 0.001<c<0.1, a1>b+c, and 1.8<d<2.5.
3. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the second element varies in a direction from a surface of the lithium composite oxide to a center thereof.
4. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the first element includes manganese, nickel, and cobalt, and the second element includes aluminum.
5. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the composition ratio a1 satisfies 1.1<a1<1.25.
6. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the material is an oxide.
7. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ,
wherein a covering layer is on a surface of the lithium composite oxide to cover at least a part of the surface,
wherein the covering layer includes a third element, and
wherein the third element is at least one kind selected from a group consisting of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), titanium, zirconium (Zr), sulfur (S), fluorine (F), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), boron, aluminum, phosphorous (P), carbon (C), manganese, nickel, and cobalt.
8. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7 , wherein the third element includes an element in common with the second element.
9. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 8 , wherein the second element of the lithium composite oxide is substituted with the third element included in the covering layer.
10. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7 , wherein the third element includes magnesium.
11. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7 , wherein a part of a constituent element of the lithium composite oxide is substituted with the third element, and a content of the third element in the lithium composite oxide is 0.01 to 5 mol % with respect to a content of the lithium.
12. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 7 , wherein the covering layer comprises a compound, including the third element, on the surface of the lithium composite oxide.
13. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 12 , wherein the compound, including the third element, is a solid solution with the lithium composite oxide.
14. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, or the electrolytic solution includes at least one of a heteropoly acid or a heteropoly acid compound.
15. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1 ,
wherein at least one of the positive electrode or the negative electrode comprises a gel-type coating,
wherein the gel-type coating includes at least one of an amorphous poly acid or a poly acid salt compound, and
wherein at least one of the amorphous poly acid or the poly acid salt compound have at least one poly element.
16. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 15 , wherein the gel-type coating is based on at least one of a heteropoly acid or a heteropoly acid compound.
17. The lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 15 , wherein at least one of the amorphous poly acid or the poly acid salt compound includes a hexavalent poly atomic ion and a poly atomic ion that has a valence less than hexa valence.
18. An electric tool, comprising:
a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution,
wherein the electric tool operates with the lithium ion secondary battery as a power source,
wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide,
wherein the negative electrode contains a material including at least tin (Sn),
wherein the lithium composite oxide includes Lithium (Li) with a composition ratio a1, a first element with a composition ratio b, and a second element with a composition ratio c,
wherein the first element including manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni),
wherein the second element including at least one kind selected from a group consisting of aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and boron (B), and
wherein the composition ratios a1, b, and c satisfy 1.1<a1<1.3, 0.7<b+c<0.9, 0.001<c<0.1, and a1>b+c.
19. An electric vehicle, comprising:
a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution, wherein the electric vehicle operates with the lithium ion secondary battery as a power source,
wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide,
wherein the negative electrode contains a material including at least tin (Sn),
wherein the lithium composite oxide includes lithium (Li) with a composition ratio a1, a first element with a composition ratio b, and a second element with a composition ratio c,
wherein the first element including manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni),
wherein the second element including at least one kind selected from a group consisting of aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and boron (B), and
wherein the composition ratios a1, b, and c satisfy 1.1<a1<1.3, 0.7<b+c<0.9, 0.001<c<0.1, and a1>b+c.
20. A power storage system, comprising:
a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution, wherein the power storage system uses the lithium ion secondary battery as a power storage source,
wherein the positive electrode contains a lithium composite oxide,
wherein the negative electrode contains a material including at least tin (Sn),
wherein the lithium composite oxide includes lithium (Li) with a composition ratio a1, a first element with a composition ratio b, and a second element with a composition ratio c,
wherein the first element including manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni),
wherein the second element including at least one kind selected from a group consisting of aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and boron (B), and
wherein the composition ratios a1, b, and c satisfy 1.1<a1<1.3, 0.7<b+c<0.9, 0.001<c<0.1, and a1>b+c.