CRISPR-Cas component systems, methods and compositions for sequence manipulation
The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are vectors and vector systems, some of which encode one or more components of a CRISPR complex, as well as methods for the design and use of such vectors. Also provided are methods of directing CRISPR complex formation in eukaryotic cells and methods for selecting specific cells by introducing precise mutations utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system.
1. A method of selecting one or more prokaryotic cell(s) by introducing one or more mutations in one or more prokaryotic cell(s), the method comprising:
introducing one or more vectors into the prokaryotic cell(s);
wherein the one or more vectors drive expression of: a CRISPR enzyme, a guide sequence linked to a tracr mate sequence, a tracr sequence, and an editing template for recombination into a targeted chromosomal locus comprising a target polynucleotide;
and all of the CRISPR enzyme, the guide sequence linked to the tracr mate sequence, and a tracr sequence, and the editing template are produced in the prokaryotic cell(s), whereby a CRISPR complex forms; the CRISPR complex comprising the CRISPR enzyme complexed with (1) the guide sequence that is hybridized to a target sequence within the target polynucleotide, and (2) the tracr mate sequence that is hybridized to the tracr sequence;
wherein the CRISPR complex binds to the target polynucleotide;
wherein the editing template is introduced into the target polynucleotide through recombination, wherein the editing template comprises one or more mutations of the target polynucleotide that alter either a protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) sequence or a protospacer sequence, and that abolishes CRISPR enzyme cleavage of the target polynucleotide;
wherein in those cells that have not had the editing template introduced there is cleavage of the target polynucleotide by the CRISPR complex and cell death; and
selecting one or more prokaryotic cell(s) in which the one or more mutations have been introduced.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CRISPR enzyme is a type II CRISPR system enzyme.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the CRISPR enzyme is a Cas9.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the Cas9 is S. pyogenes Cas9.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the CRISPR enzyme is not endogenous to the prokaryotic cell(s).
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the prokaryotic cell(s) are S. pneumoniae or E. coli.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more vectors are plasmids.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more mutations alter the PAM sequence of the target polynucleotide.