Heat exchanger array
A heat exchanger array includes a first row of heat exchangers, a second row of heat exchangers, and side curtains. The first row heat exchangers are spaced apart to define first gaps. The second row heat exchangers are spaced apart to define second gaps and are positioned downstream of and staggered from the first row heat exchangers such that the second row heat exchangers are aligned with the first gaps and the first row heat exchangers are aligned with the second gaps. Each side curtain is in close proximity to a first row heat exchanger and a second row heat exchanger. The side curtains define a neck region upstream of and aligned with each first row heat exchanger and each second row heat exchanger. Each neck region has a neck area that is less than a frontal area of the heat exchanger with which it is aligned.
1. A heat exchanger array comprising:
a first row of heat exchangers with a hot side and a cold side wherein the heat exchangers of the first row are spaced apart to define first gaps;
a second row of heat exchangers with a hot side and a cold side, wherein the heat exchangers of the second row are spaced apart, to define second gaps and are positioned downstream of and staggered from the heat exchangers of the first row such that the heat exchangers of the second row are aligned with the first gaps and the heat exchangers of the first row are aligned with the second gaps; and
a plurality of side curtains, each of the plurality of side curtains in close proximity to one of the heat exchangers in the first row and one of the heat exchangers in the second row;
wherein the plurality of side curtains are arranged to define a first plurality of neck regions and a second plurality of neck regions, each neck region of the first plurality of neck regions being positioned upstream of and aligned with one heat exchanger of the first row of heat exchangers, and each neck region of the second plurality of neck regions being positioned upstream of and aligned with one heat exchanger of the second row of heat exchangers;
wherein each heat exchanger is aligned with a neck region of the first plurality of neck regions or the second plurality of neck regions and each neck region has a neck area that is less than a frontal area of the heat exchanger with which it is aligned such that the side curtains prevent turbulent flow from occurring as cold fluid enters the heat exchangers of the first row and the heat exchangers of the second row and the side curtains reduce a difference in flow parameter between the cold fluid and each heat exchanger;
wherein the plurality of side curtains define a set of first passages in each of which the cold fluid flows through one of the neck regions of the first plurality of neck regions, then through the corresponding heat exchanger of the first row of heat exchangers, and subsequently through the corresponding second gap of the second gaps;
wherein the plurality of side curtains define a set of second passages in each of which the cold fluid flows through one of the first gaps and the corresponding neck region of the second plurality of neck regions, and subsequently through the corresponding heat exchanger of the second row of heat exchangers; and
wherein each of the heat exchangers of the first row and each of the heat exchangers of the second row have a first portion with an intake and a second portion with an exhaust, and each of the plurality of side curtains is double walled to form a first pocket therewithin for receiving the intake or the exhaust of one of the heat exchangers of the first row and a second pocket therewithin for receiving the intake or exhaust of one of the heat exchangers of the second row.
2. The heat exchanger array of claim 1 wherein the heat exchanger array is positioned within a turbofan gas turbine engine.
3. The heat exchanger array of claim 2 , wherein the heat exchanger array is located in at least one of an upper bifurcation and a lower bifurcation of a nacelle of the gas turbine engine.
4. The heat exchanger array of claim 3 , wherein the hot side of each of the heat exchangers is fluidly connected to at least one of a low pressure compressor and a high pressure compressor and the cold side of each of the heat exchangers is positioned to receive the cold fluid which is a bypass air from a fan.
5. The heat exchanger array of claim 3 , wherein the hot side of each of the plurality of heat exchangers is fluidly connected to oil from a gearbox of the gas turbine engine and the cold side of each of the plurality of heat exchangers is positioned to receive the cold fluid which is a bypass air from a fan.
6. The heat exchanger array of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of side curtains are formed of metallic or composite material.
7. The heat exchanger array of claim 1 , wherein each of the first portions is covered by a first fairing and each of the second portions is covered by a second fairing.
8. The heat exchanger array of claim 7 , wherein each of the first pockets receives the first fairing or the second fairing of the corresponding one of the heat exchangers of the first row.
9. The heat exchanger array of claim 8 , wherein each of the second pockets receives the first fairing or the second fairing of the corresponding one of the heat exchangers of the second row.
10. The heat exchanger array of claim 1 , wherein each of the heat exchangers is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate fin heat exchanger, or a heat exchanger formed by additive manufacturing.
11. A gas turbine engine comprising:
a fan section;
a compressor section downstream of the fan section;
a combustor section downstream of the compressor section;
a first turbine section downstream of the combustor section, the first turbine section being connected to the compressor section;
a second turbine section downstream of the first turbine section, the second turbine section being connected to the fan section; and
a heat exchanger array that is fluidly connected to bypass air from the fan section the heat exchanger array comprising:
a first row of heat exchangers spaced apart to define first gaps;
a second row of heat exchangers spaced apart to define second gaps; and
a plurality of side curtains, each of the plurality of side curtains in close proximity to one of the heat exchangers in the first row and one of the heat exchangers in the second row;
wherein the plurality of side curtains are arranged to define a first plurality of neck regions and a second plurality of neck regions, each neck region of the first plurality of neck regions being positioned upstream of and aligned with one heat exchanger of the first row of heat exchangers, and each neck region of the second plurality of neck regions being positioned upstream of and aligned with one heat exchanger of the second row of heat exchangers;
wherein each heat exchanger is aligned with a neck region of the first plurality of neck regions or the second plurality of neck regions and each neck region is narrower than a frontal area of the heat exchanger with which it is aligned such that the side curtains prevent turbulent flow from occurring as the bypass air enters the heat exchangers of the first row and the heat exchangers of the second row, and the side curtains reduce a difference in flow parameter between the bypass air and each heat exchanger;
wherein the plurality of side curtains define a set of first passages in each of which the bypass air flows through one of the neck regions of the first plurality of neck regions, then through the corresponding heat exchanger of the first row of heat exchangers, and subsequently through the corresponding second gap of the second gaps;
wherein the plurality of side curtains define a set of second passages in each of which the bypass air flows through one of the first gaps and the corresponding neck region of the second plurality of neck regions, and subsequently through the corresponding heat exchanger of the second row of heat exchangers; and
wherein each of the heat exchangers of the first row and each of the heat exchangers of the second row have a first portion with an intake and a second portion with an exhaust, and each of the plurality of side curtains is double walled to form a first pocket therewithin for receiving the intake or the exhaust of one of the heat exchangers of the first row and a second pocket therewithin for receiving the intake or exhaust of one of the heat exchangers of the second row.
12. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein the heat exchanger array is located in at least one of an upper bifurcation and a lower bifurcation of a nacelle of the gas turbine engine.
13. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , Wherein the heat exchanger array is configured to receive bleed air from the compressor section and configured to exhaust cooled bleed air for delivery to at least one of the first turbine section and the second turbine section.
14. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein the heat exchanger array is configured to receive oil from a gearbox of the gas turbine engine and configured to exhaust cooled oil for delivery back to the gearbox.
15. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of side curtains of the heat exchanger array are formed of a metallic or composite material.
16. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein each of the side curtains of the plurality of side curtains forms a seal with one of the heat exchangers of the first row and one of the heat exchangers of the second row.
17. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein each of the first portions is covered by a first fairing and each of the second portions is covered by a second fairing.
18. The gas turbine engine of claim 17 , wherein each of the first pockets receives the first fairing or the second fairing of the corresponding one of the heat exchangers of the first row and each of the second pockets receives the first fairing or the second fairing of the corresponding one of the heat exchangers of the second row.
19. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 , wherein each of the heat exchangers in the heat exchanger array is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate fin heat exchanger, or a heat exchanger formed by additive manufacturing.