Long stroke pumping unit
A long stroke pumping unit includes a tower, a counterweight assembly movable along the tower, a crown mounted atop the tower, and a drum supported by the crown and rotatable relative thereto. A belt has a first end connected to the counterweight assembly and a second end connectable to a rod string, and the belt extends over the drum. A linear electromagnetic motor is used to reciprocate the counterweight assembly along the tower. The linear electromagnetic motor includes a traveler mounted to an exterior of the counterweight assembly and a stator extending from a base of the tower to the crown and along a guide rail of the tower. The pumping unit further includes a sensor for detecting position of the counterweight assembly.
1. A long stroke pumping unit, comprising:
a tower;
a counterweight assembly movable along the tower;
a crown mounted atop the tower;
a drum supported by the crown and rotatable relative thereto;
a belt having a first end connected to the counterweight assembly, extending over the drum, and having a second end connectable to a rod string;
a linear electromagnetic motor for reciprocating the counterweight assembly along the tower and comprising:
a traveler mounted to an exterior of and extending along and attached to a side of the counterweight assembly; and
a stator extending from a base of the tower to the crown and along a guide rail of the tower; and
a sensor for detecting position of the counterweight assembly.
2. The unit of claim 1 , wherein the stator comprises:
a core extending from a base of the tower to the crown and fastened to the guide rail; and
coils spaced along the core, each coil having a length of wire wrapped around the core.
3. The unit of claim 2 , wherein the traveler comprises:
a core mounted to a side of the counterweight assembly; and
permanent magnets spaced along the core.
4. The unit of claim 3 , wherein the stator core is a bar or box.
5. The unit of claim 4 , wherein:
the traveler core is a C-beam, and
each permanent magnet is part of a row of permanent magnets surrounding three sides of the stator.
6. The unit of claim 3 , wherein the traveler core is made from a ferromagnetic material.
7. The unit of claim 2 , wherein the stator core is made from electrical steel or a soft magnetic composite.
8. The unit of claim 1 , wherein:
the traveler comprises a pair of units mounted to a respective side of the counterweight assembly,
the stator comprises a pair of units, and
each stator unit extends from a base of the tower to the crown and along a respective guide rail of the tower.
9. The unit of claim 1 , further comprising:
a variable speed motor driver in electrical communication with the stator and in data communication with the sensor; and
a controller in data communication with the motor driver and operable to control speed thereof.
10. The unit of claim 9 , wherein the controller is further operable to monitor the sensor for failure of the rod string and instruct the motor driver to control descent of the counterweight assembly in response to detection of the failure.
11. The unit of claim 1 , wherein the stator is three phase.
12. The unit of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a laser rangefinder, ultrasonic rangefinder, string potentiometer, or linear variable differential transformer (LVDT).
13. A long stroke pumping unit, comprising:
a tower;
a counterweight assembly movable along the tower;
a crown mounted atop the tower;
a drum supported by the crown and rotatable relative thereto;
a belt having a first end connected to the counterweight assembly, extending over the drum, and having a second end connectable to a rod string;
a linear electromagnetic motor for reciprocating the counterweight assembly along the tower and comprising:
a traveler attached to an interior of the counterweight assembly; and
a stator extending from a base of the tower to the crown and extending through the interior of the counterweight assembly; and
a sensor for detecting position of the counterweight assembly.
14. The unit of claim 13 , further comprising:
a variable speed motor driver in electrical communication with the traveler and in data communication with the sensor; and
a controller in data communication with the motor driver and operable to control speed thereof.
15. The unit of claim 14 , wherein the controller is further operable to monitor the sensor for failure of the rod string and instruct the motor driver to control descent of the counterweight assembly in response to detection of the failure.
16. The unit of claim 13 , further comprising:
a shaft connected to the drum and rotatable relative to the crown,
wherein the sensor is a turns counter comprising a gear mounted to the shaft and a proximity sensor mounted to the crown.
17. The unit of claim 13 , wherein the stator comprises:
a rectangular core extending from the base to the crown; and
rows of permanent magnets extending along the core, each row surrounding the core.
18. The unit of claim 17 , wherein the traveler comprises a plurality of electrically conducting coil segments connected in series to form a coil.
19. The unit of claim 18 , wherein each coil segment is rotated ninety degrees with respect to adjacent coil segments.
20. The unit of claim 19 , wherein:
the stator is an inner stator,
the linear electromagnetic motor further comprises an outer stator,
the outer stator comprises segments surrounding the traveler, and
each segment comprises a core extending from the base to the crown and permanent magnets extending along an inner surface thereof.
21. The unit of claim 13 , wherein the stator comprises:
a round core extending from the base to the crown; and
permanent magnet rings surrounding the core and extending along the core.
22. The unit of claim 21 , wherein the traveler comprises:
a spool;
a coil of wire wrapped around the spool; and
a core sleeve surrounding the coil.
23. The unit of claim 13 , wherein the stator is three phase.
24. The unit of claim 13 , wherein the sensor is a laser rangefinder, ultrasonic rangefinder, string potentiometer, or linear variable differential transformer (LVDT).