Lightning protection for aircraft fuselage fuel tank ventilation lines
Lightning protected vent lines associated operatively with aircraft fuselage fuel tanks (i.e., on-board fuel tanks that are not physically located in an aircraft's wing but instead are physically located within the aircraft's fuselage structure) are provided which include a vent conduit, a coupling at a proximal end of the vent conduit for fluid connecting the vent conduit to the fuel tank, a vent opening positioned at a distal end of the vent conduit and at an external location of the fuselage and a flame arrestor positioned in the conduit between the coupling and the vent opening. The vent conduit will have an effective axial dimension (L) between the coupling and the vent opening and the flame arrestor will be positioned in the conduit at an effective separation distance (D) between an inlet of the flame arrestor and the vent opening such that L/D is greater than 5. Alternatively, the flame arrestor may be omitted, but the vent conduit will then have at least one linear conduit segment to provide an effective axial dimension (L 1 ) of the vent line conduit between the coupling and the vent opening which is at least ten times greater than the vent conduit diameter (D 1 ).
1. An aircraft comprising a fuselage having a forward nose portion and a rearward tail portion, and a fuel tank mounted within the fuselage between the nose and tail portions, the fuel tank including at least one lightning protected vent line, wherein the at least one lightning protected vent line comprises:
a vent conduit which includes multiple linear segments and multiple bend segments;
a coupling at a proximal end of the vent conduit for fluid connecting the vent conduit to the fuel tank;
a vent opening positioned at a distal end of the vent conduit and at an external location of the fuselage within a Zone 2 lightning strike risk region aft of a Zone 1 lightning strike risk region located at the nose portion of the aircraft to thereby establish fluid communication between the fuel tank and an ambient environment externally of the fuselage which is within the Zone 2 lightning strike risk region of the aircraft; and
a flame arrestor positioned in the conduit between the coupling and the vent opening, wherein
the vent conduit comprises at least one bend segment between the coupling and the flame arrestor and at least one other bend segment between the flame arrestor and the vent opening, and wherein
the vent conduit has an effective axial dimension (L) of the multiple linear and bend segments between the coupling and the vent opening, and wherein
the flame arrestor is positioned in the vent conduit between the at least one bend segment and the at least one other bend segment so as to define an effective separation distance (D) between an inlet of the flame arrestor and the vent opening such that a ratio L/D of the effective axial dimension (L) to the effective separation distance (D) is greater than 5.
2. The aircraft as in claim 1 , wherein the fuel tank is located in a ventral region of the fuselage.
3. The aircraft as in claim 1 , wherein the fuel tank comprises a pair of the lightning protected vent lines.