Protection system of a railway vehicle traction system, associated transmission line and associated railway vehicle

1. A protection system of a railway vehicle traction system, said traction system comprising:

an electric motor and an electrical power supply circuit of the electric motor;

a mechanical coupler between first and second components of a transmission line, the first component being connected to an output shaft of the electric motor and the second component being connected to an input shaft of an axle of the railway vehicle, the coupler being able to be in an engaged state, in which a torque can be transmitted between the first and second components, or in a disengaged state, in which no torque can be transmitted between the first and second components; and

a controller for applying a disengagement signal to the mechanical coupler, so as to switch the mechanical coupler from the engaged state to the disengaged state if a failure is detected affecting the power circuit of the electric motor and/or the electric motor itself;

wherein the coupler includes at least one securing element for securing the first and second components to one another and a pyrotechnic module able to break the securing element when a disengagement signal is applied by the controller, and

wherein the first and second components are first and second flanges facing one another, and wherein the mechanical coupler is an explosive bolt securing the first and second flanges to one another.

2. The protection system according to claim 1 , wherein the controller includes a remote control module, connected by a wireless link to a close control module, secured to the coupler, the close control module generating the disengagement signal applied to the coupler upon reception of an actuating signal emitted by the remote control module.

3. The protection system according to claim 2 , wherein the controller includes a detector able, when a failure is detected, to send an alert signal to the remote control module so that the remote control module emits an actuating signal.

4. The protection system according to claim 3 , wherein the detector is able to calculate estimated output values from measured input values and a dynamic model of the traction system, and to compare said estimated output values to measured output values on the traction system, the detection module being able to emit an alert signal in case of a significant deviation between the estimated and measured output values.

5. The protection system according to claim 1 , wherein the coupler switches irreversibly from the engaged state to the disengaged state.

6. The protection system according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanical coupler switches from the engaged state to the disengaged state upon reception of a disengagement signal, and vice versa, switches from the disengaged state to the engaged state upon reception of an engagement signal.

7. A transmission line for a railway vehicle, between a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor and an axle, wherein it includes a protection system according to claim 1 .

8. The transmission line according to claim 7 , wherein the mechanical coupler is installed between first and second components of the transmission line, the first and second components being first and second flanges provided on the facing ends of two half-shafts of the transmission line between the electric motor and the axle, or between a first stage and a second stage of a reduction gear of the transmission line.

9. A railway vehicle comprising a transmission line according to claim 7 .