Thermally expanded annular barrier, system, and method with a thermally decomposable compound
The present invention relates to an annular barrier ( 1 ) to be expanded in an annulus ( 2 ) between a well tubular structure ( 3 ) and an inside wall ( 5 ) of a bore-hole ( 6 ) downhole for providing zone isolation between a first zone ( 101 ) and a second zone ( 102 ) of the borehole. The annular barrier comprises a tubular metal part ( 7 ) for mounting as part of the well tubular structure; an expandable sleeve ( 8 ) surrounding the tubular metal part and having an inner face ( 9 ) facing the tubular metal part and an outer face ( 10 ) facing the inside wall of the borehole, each end ( 12,13 ) of the expandable sleeve being connected with the tubular metal part; and an annular space ( 15 ) between the inner face of the expandable sleeve and the tubular metal part. The annular space comprises at least one thermally decomposable compound ( 16 ), which compound is thermally decomposable below a temperature of 400° C. and is adapted to generate gas or super-critical fluid upon decomposition. Furthermore, the invention relates to a downhole system and a method of expanding an annular barrier.
1. An annular barrier to be expanded in an annulus between a well tubular structure and an inside wall of a borehole downhole for providing zone isolation between a first zone and a second zone of the borehole, the annular barrier comprising:
a tubular metal part for mounting as part of the well tubular structure,
an expandable metal sleeve surrounding the tubular metal part and having an inner face facing the tubular metal part and an outer face facing the inside wall of the borehole, each end of the expandable metal sleeve being connected with the tubular metal part, and
an annular space between the inner face of the expandable metal sleeve and the tubular metal part,
wherein the annular space comprises at least one thermally decomposable compound, which compound is thermally decomposable below a temperature of 400° C. and is adapted to generate gas or super-critical fluid upon decomposition to radially expand the expandable metal sleeve.
2. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , wherein the compound comprises nitrogen.
3. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from a group consisting of: ammonium dichromate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrite, barium azide, sodium nitrate, or a combination thereof.
4. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , wherein the compound decomposes at temperatures above 100° C.
5. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , wherein the compound is present in the form of a powder, a powder dispersed in a liquid or a powder dissolved in a liquid.
6. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , further comprising an opening in the tubular metal part and/or in the expandable metal sleeve.
7. An annular barrier according to claim 6 , wherein a one-way valve is arranged in the opening.
8. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , further comprising a heating wire arranged in or in abutment to the tubular metal part.
9. An annular barrier according to claim 1 , wherein the compound decomposes at temperatures above 180° C.
10. A downhole system comprising:
the well tubular structure, and
the annular barrier according to claim 1 .
11. A downhole system according to claim 10 , wherein the well tubular structure is filled with a fluid having a temperature above 110° C.
12. A downhole system according to claim 10 , further comprising a tool comprising a heating unit for heating the tubular metal part of the annular barrier from within the well tubular structure.
13. A downhole system according to claim 12 , wherein the tool is configured to isolate a zone in the well tubular structure opposite the expandable space of the annular barrier.
14. A downhole system according to claim 12 , wherein the heating unit of the tool comprises a heating wire adapted to be arranged in abutment to the tubular metal part.
15. A downhole system according to claim 10 , wherein the well tubular structure is connected with a heating device configured to be located at surface or seabed.
16. A downhole system according to claim 10 , wherein the well tubular structure is connected to a tubing for submerging the well tubular structure, the tubing being connected with a heating device at surface or seabed.
17. A downhole system according to claim 10 , wherein the well tubular structure is filled with a fluid having a temperature above 250° C.
18. A method of expanding an annular barrier according to claim 1 , comprising:
providing heat to the annular space,
decomposing the thermally decomposable compound present in the annular space,
generating gas or super-critical fluid, and
expanding the expandable metal sleeve.
19. A method according to claim 18 , further comprising:
filling the expandable space with at least one thermally decomposable compound, which compound is thermally decomposable below a temperature of 400° C.
20. A method according to claim 18 , further comprising:
pressurising the tubular metal part and the well tubular structure.
21. A method according to claim 18 , further comprising:
isolating a zone opposite the opening of the annular barrier by means of a tool.
22. A method according to claim 18 , wherein said providing heat to the annular space is performed by letting pressurised fluid in through an opening in the tubular metal part and into the space, the pressurised fluid having a temperature above 100° C.