Fuel injector
The present disclosure relates to a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion engine. It may comprise a valve with a movable needle, two springs pushing the needle toward the closed position, and an actuator for opening the valve. The needle may be in a fuel reservoir of a valve body. The actuator may supply pressurized fuel to the fuel reservoir so that the fuel pressure forces the needle away from the closed position against the spring force of the first spring or the first and second springs, respectively. There may be play between the second spring and the needle when the needle is in the closed position.
1. A fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion engine, the injector comprising:
a valve with a needle for opening or closing the valve by moving on a longitudinal axis, the needle received in a fuel reservoir of a valve body of the fuel injector;
a first spring resisting movement of the needle away from a closed position, the first spring having a first end and a second end;
a second spring resisting movement of the needle away from the closed position, the second spring having a first end and a second end, wherein the second spring is stiffer than the first spring;
the needle including a first seat element defining a first planar annulus, wherein the first end of the first spring and the first end of the second spring face the first seat element and contact the first seat element as the needle opens the valve;
the valve body including a second seat element defining a second planar annulus, wherein the second end of the first spring and the second end of the second spring face the second seat element and contact the second seat element; and
an actuator for moving the needle into an open position, the actuator operable to supply pressurized fuel to the fuel reservoir so that the fuel pressure forces the needle away from the closed position against the spring force of the first spring or the first and second springs, respectively, for opening the valve,
wherein in the closed position of the needle, the first end of the first spring is in contact with the first seat element and the second end of the first spring is in contact with the second seat element and the first end of the second spring is spaced apart from the first seat element by an axial gap along the longitudinal axis, the second end of the second spring is in contact with the second seat element and no compressive force is exerted on the second spring by either the first seat element or the second seat element.
2. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the needle opens the valve when the needle moves towards a nozzle end of the injector.
3. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , further comprising a needle stopper to confine needle movement to a predetermined travel in which both springs are engaged.
4. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the first spring comprises a helical spring.
5. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the second spring comprises a cylindrical body with radial recesses.
6. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the needle and the springs are mounted coaxially.
7. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the actuator comprises a solenoid.
8. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the valve is of the servo type.
9. A fuel injector according to claim 1 , wherein the actuator comprises a second valve for supplying the pressurized fuel to the fuel reservoir.
10. A combustion engine comprising:
a combustion chamber;
a valve for dosing a fuel into the combustion chamber;
a needle for opening or closing the valve by moving on a longitudinal axis, the needle received in a fuel reservoir of a valve body;
a first spring resisting movement of the needle away from a closed position, the first spring having a first end and a second end;
a second spring resisting movement of the needle away from the closed position, the second spring having a first end and a second end, wherein the second spring is stiffer than the first spring;
the needle including a first seat element defining a first planar annulus, wherein the first end of the first spring and the first end of the second spring face the first seat element and contact the first seat element as the needle opens the valve;
the valve body including a second seat element defining a second planar annulus, wherein the second end of the first spring and the second end of the second spring face the second seat element and contact the second seat element; and
an actuator for moving the needle into an open position, the actuator operable to supply pressurized fuel to the fuel reservoir so that the fuel pressure forces the needle away from the closed position against the spring force of the first spring or the first and second springs, respectively, for opening the valve,
wherein in the closed position of the needle, the first end of the first spring is in contact with the first seat element and the second end of the first spring is in contact with the second seat element and the first end of the second spring is spaced apart from the first seat element by an axial gap along the longitudinal axis, the second end of the second spring is in contact with the second seat element and no compressive force is exerted on the second spring by either the first seat element or the second seat element.
11. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , further comprising a needle stopper to confine needle movement to a predetermined travel in which both springs are engaged.
12. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the first spring comprises a helical spring.
13. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the second spring comprises a cylindrical body with radial recesses.
14. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the needle and the springs are mounted coaxially.
15. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the valve is of the servo type.
16. A combustion engine according to claim 10 , wherein the actuator comprises a second valve for supplying the pressurized fuel to the fuel reservoir.