Self-foaming geopolymer composition containing aluminum dross

1. A self-foaming geopolymer composition comprising:

at least one hydraulic binder, wherein the hydraulic binder is selected from portland cement, high alumina cement, calcium sulphoaluminate cement, portland composite cement according to classes CEM II to V, and mixtures thereof;

at least one binder selected from latent hydraulic binders, pozzolanic binders, and mixtures thereof;

at least one alkaline activator; and

aluminum dross.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the latent hydraulic binder is selected from blast furnace slag, electrothermic phosphorus slag, steel slag, and mixtures thereof.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the latent hydraulic binder is blast furnace slag.

4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pozzolanic binder is selected from amorphous silica, precipitated silica, pyrogenic silica, microsilica, ground glass, fly ash, brown-coal fly ash, mineral-coal fly ash, metakaolin, natural pozzolanas, tuff, trass, volcanic ash, natural zeolites, synthetic zeolites, and mixtures thereof.

5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the pozzolanic binder is selected from pyrogenic silica, microsilica, fly ash, metakaolin, and mixtures thereof.

6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the pozzolanic binder is metakaolin.

7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline activator is selected from alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal fluorides, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal aluminates, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures thereof.

8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the alkaline activator is selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures thereof.

9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the alkali metal silicate is selected from compounds having the empirical formula in SiO 2 .n M 2 O, in which M is the alkali metal, Li, Na, K or a mixture thereof, and the molar ratio of m:n is ≦4.0.

10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum dross comprises 50 to 99.9% by weight oxides and/or nitrides, and 0.1 to 50% by weight metallic aluminum.

11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the aluminum dross comprises 75 to 99% by weight oxides and/or nitrides, and 1 to 25% by weight metallic aluminum.

12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the oxides comprise Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 .

13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic binder is portland cement.

14. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a surfactant.

15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein the surfactant is an alkyl polyglucoside.

16. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising water.

17. The composition of claim 16 , further comprising a gas phase comprising hydrogen gas.

18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of metallic aluminum to alkali metal (Al/M) is ≦0.3.