Method and system for identifying operating states of a vehicle, and a vehicle which comprises such a system

1. A method for determining an operating state of a vehicle ( 100 ), wherein the operating state is selected from at least a first operating state ( 26 . 1 ) or a second operating state ( 26 . 2 ), and wherein the vehicle ( 100 ) includes a pneumatic brake system ( 52 . 1 ) and a pneumatic control connection ( 53 ) configured for connecting the pneumatic brake system ( 52 . 1 ) to a further pneumatic brake system ( 52 . 2 ) of a trailer ( 200 ), the method comprising the following steps:

applying ( 21 ) a pressure to the control connection ( 53 ) until a starting pressure ( 21 . 1 ) in the control connection ( 53 ) is set;

opening ( 22 ) the control connection ( 53 ) such that a pressure in the control connection ( 53 ) is equalized to a pressure of an environment;

detecting ( 23 . 1 ) a temporal pressure pattern (DV) during the pressure equalization;

comparing ( 24 ) the temporal pressure pattern (DV) to a reference pressure pattern (RDV);

determining ( 25 ) an evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) based on the comparison ( 24 ) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV) and the reference pressure pattern (RDV); and

assigning ( 26 ) the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) to the first or the second operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ).

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the opening ( 22 ) of the control connection ( 53 ) is carried out by means of a vent valve ( 55 ).

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temporal pressure pattern (DV) is a pressure drop ( 23 . 7 ) in the control connection ( 53 ).

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, during the detection ( 23 . 1 ) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV), the following steps are additionally carried out:

starting ( 23 . 2 ) a time-measuring instrument ( 59 ) upon opening ( 22 ) the control connection ( 53 );

stopping ( 23 . 3 ) the time-measuring instrument ( 59 ) when a pressure limit value ( 23 . 4 ) has been reached in the control connection ( 53 ); and

determining a vent time ( 23 . 5 ) of the control connection ( 53 ).

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the vent time ( 23 . 5 ) of the control connection ( 53 ) is assigned to the temporal pressure pattern (DV) and a reference vent time ( 23 . 6 ) is assigned to the reference pressure pattern (RDV).

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein a difference is formed in the comparison ( 24 ) of the vent time ( 23 . 5 ) and the reference vent time ( 23 . 6 ).

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, during the method, after the detection ( 23 . 1 ) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV), the method additionally includes the following steps:

determining a derivative with respect to time (DV′) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV); and

comparing the derivative with respect to time (DV′) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV) with a derivative with respect to time of the reference pressure pattern (RDV′).

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the starting pressure ( 21 . 1 ) in the control line ( 53 ) has a value of 6 to 5 bar.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out in at least one of the following situations: before a commencement of driving ( 71 ) or after a braking procedure ( 72 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ).

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the control connection ( 53 ) is at least partially emptied before the pressure is applied ( 21 ) to the control connection ( 53 ).

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the opening ( 22 ) of the control connection ( 53 ) is not carried out until the pressure in the control connection ( 53 ) has reached a stable pressure level ( 23 . 8 ).

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) is assigned to a third operating state ( 26 . 3 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ) if a current operating state cannot be assigned either to the first operating state ( 26 . 1 ) or the second operating state ( 26 . 2 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ).

13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein, after the assignment ( 25 ) of the third operating state ( 26 . 3 ), the method is repeated until the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) is assigned to the first operating state ( 26 . 1 ) or the second operating state ( 26 . 2 ).

14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first operating state ( 26 . 1 ) signifies a trailer attached to the vehicle and the second operating state ( 26 . 2 ) signifies that no trailer is attached to the vehicle.

15. An electro-pneumatic system ( 51 ) for determining an operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) of a vehicle ( 100 ) wherein the operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) is selected from at least a first and a second operating state of the vehicle ( 100 ), signifying the vehicle is with or without a trailer ( 200 ), respectively, comprising:

a pneumatic braking-pressure system ( 52 . 1 ),

a control connection ( 53 ), which is configured for connecting the pneumatic braking-pressure system ( 52 . 1 ) to a further pneumatic braking-pressure system ( 52 . 1 ) of the trailer ( 200 ),

a pressure accumulator ( 54 ) for applying ( 21 ) a pressure to the control connection ( 53 ),

a vent valve ( 55 ) for opening ( 22 ) the control connection ( 53 ) to an environment,

a pressure sensor ( 56 ) for detecting ( 23 . 1 ) a temporal pressure pattern (DV) in the control connection ( 53 ),

a control unit ( 57 ) configured for determining ( 25 ) an evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) from the temporal pressure pattern (DV) and a reference pressure pattern (RDV) and assigning the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) to the operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ),

wherein the operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ) is determined according to the following steps:

applying ( 21 ) the pressure to the control connection ( 53 ) until a starting pressure ( 21 . 1 ) in the control connection ( 53 ) is set;

opening ( 22 ) the control connection ( 53 ) such that a pressure in the control connection ( 53 ) is equalized to a pressure of the environment;

detecting ( 23 . 1 ) the temporal pressure pattern (DV) during the pressure equalization;

comparing ( 24 ) the temporal pressure pattern (DV) to the reference pressure pattern (RDV);

determining ( 25 ) the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) based on the comparison ( 24 ) of the temporal pressure pattern (DV) and the reference pressure pattern (RDV); and

assigning ( 26 ) the evaluation result ( 25 . 1 ) to the first or the second operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ).

16. A vehicle ( 100 ) containing an electro-pneumatic system ( 51 ) for detecting an operating state ( 26 . 1 , 26 . 2 , 26 . 3 ) of the vehicle ( 100 ), wherein the system ( 51 ) is configured for carrying out the method according to claim 1 .