Energy management method on a hybrid vehicle comprising a transmission with discrete ratios
A method manages energy of a power unit of a hybrid vehicle. The power unit includes at least one internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, coupled to wheels of the vehicle by a transmission with discrete ratios. The method includes minimizing, at each operating point of the energy, an energy criterion linked to a sum of consumption of the internal combustion engine and an electrical consumption of the electrical machine multiplied by an equivalence factor weighting a supply of energy from the internal combustion engine and a supply of energy of electrical origin. The minimized criterion is a mixed criterion which is a sum of an energy criterion and a discomfort criterion linked to management of kinematic modes of the transmission.
1. A method for managing driving comfort and energy consumption of a power unit of a hybrid vehicle, the power unit comprising at least one internal combustion engine and an electric drive machine, coupled to wheels of the hybrid vehicle by a transmission with gears with discrete ratios, comprising:
determining a consumption of the internal combustion engine and an electrical consumption of the electric drive machine;
selecting an energy criterion, said energy criterion being based on a sum of the consumption of the internal combustion engine and the electrical consumption of the electric drive machine multiplied by an equivalence factor weighting a supply of energy from the internal combustion engine and a supply of energy of electrical origin;
selecting a discomfort criterion, said discomfort criterion being based on a comfort level for a driver in said hybrid vehicle;
selecting a mixed criterion based on a sum of the energy criterion and the discomfort criterion;
minimizing said mixed criterion resulting in a minimized mixed criterion; and
limiting changes of said gears of the transmission based on said minimized mixed criterion thereby managing driving comfort and energy consumption of said hybrid vehicle.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the discomfort criterion is proportional to the energy criterion.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the discomfort criterion is a product of the energy criterion and a comfort penalty linked to a possible change of kinematic modes of the transmission.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the comfort penalty is a product of a calibration constant by a square matrix which contains a penalty of transition between each of the changes of the kinematic modes of the transmission.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the penalty for transition between the kinematic modes is based on a sequence of operations specific to the transition concerned.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said discrete ratios include at least two ratios in electric mode and two ratios in hybrid mode, and wherein said selecting of said energy criterion is performed based in part on said discrete ratios.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said gears changes of the transmission are imposed based on the discomfort criterion induced by a transmission ratio changes.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the discomfort criterion is expressed as an absolute value.
9. The method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the sequence of operations for the transition between two kinematic modes includes:
synchronization of the electric drive machine,
synchronization of the internal combustion engine,
starting of the internal combustion engine,
stoppage of the internal combustion engine, or
an interruption in torque.