Floor, wall, or ceiling panel and method for producing same
A floor, wall, or ceiling panel has a base made of a wood material and an upper veneer. The base and the veneer are hot-pressed together while incorporating a resin layer. During the pressing process, pores, cracks, and/or gaps in the veneer are filled with resin. In particular, the pressing process is carried out such that the veneer is saturated with resin, and the resin can be seen on the surface of the veneer after the pressing process The adhesion of the veneer to the base and the smoothing of the veneer are thus carried out in one operation.
1. A method for producing panels, said method comprising:
providing a basic carrier plate, the basic carrier plate comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
providing a veneer, the veneer possessing pores, cracks, and/or gaps;
applying a resin layer on the top surface of the basic carrier plate, the resin layer being applied as a powder;
forming a multilayer body comprising the basic carrier plate, the veneer, the resin layer interposed between the basic carrier plate and the veneer, and a balancing layer arranged on the bottom surface of the basic carrier plate;
joining the basic carrier plate, the resin layer, the veneer, and the balancing layer by pressing the multilayer body in a press, wherein a pressing pressure, a pressing temperature and a pressing time are adjusted so that during the pressing of the multilayer body in the press, the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer are filled with resin from the resin layer
separating the pressed multilayer body into individual panels; and
profiling the panels at side borders of the panels and providing the panels with joining means,
wherein the pressing of the multilayer body is carried out so that the resin permeates through the veneer so that after the pressing the resin is visible at a surface of the veneer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin layer is formed by a polymer resin or a urea formaldehyde condensation product.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein
the press comprises a press plate, and
the press plate is heated to a temperature of between 100 ° C. and 140 ° C. during the pressing in the press.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin layer comprises wood fibers admixed to the powder.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising printing a decor on the veneer.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a sealing to the veneer.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising after the pressing, subjecting the veneer to a mechanical surface processing comprising a grinding process and/or a brushing process.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising embossing a texture into the veneer during the pressing in the press.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base carrier plate is rectangular with a length of 2,000 mm to 5,000 mm and a width of 1,200 mm to 2,100 mm.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressing comprising simultaneously subjecting the multilayer body to a temperature of between 100° C. and 140° C.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the press comprises a press plate,
the resin of the resin layer is a thermosetting resin, and
the press plate is heated to a temperature of between 180° C. and 210° C. during the pressing in the press.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the resin of the resin layer is a polyvinyl acetate.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pressing is performed at greater than or equal to 3500 kPA for between 10 seconds and 60 seconds.
14. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising cooling the multilayer body to room temperature before separating the multilayer body into the individual panels.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the balancing layer is a second veneer.
16. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing a circumferential chamfer at a top border of the panels after the separating of the pressed multilayer body into individual panels.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the basic carrier plate has a thickness of between 5 mm and 12 mm, and the veneer has a thickness of between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
the resin layer comprises wood fibers, and
the wood fibers and the resin fill the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer during the pressing.
19. A method for producing panels, said method comprising:
providing a basic carrier plate, the basic carrier plate comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
providing a veneer, the veneer being a single wood component, the veneer possessing pores, cracks, and/or gaps;
applying a resin layer on the top surface of the basic carrier plate;
forming a multilayer body comprising the basic carrier plate, the single veneer, the resin layer interposed between the basic carrier plate and the single veneer, and a balancing layer arranged on the bottom surface of the basic carrier plate;
joining the basic carrier plate, the resin layer, the veneer, and the balancing layer by pressing the multilayer body in a press, wherein a pressing pressure, a pressing temperature and a pressing time are adjusted so that during the pressing of the multilayer body in the press, the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer are filled with resin from the resin layer
separating the pressed multilayer body into individual panels; and
profiling the panels at side borders of the panels and providing the panels with joining means,
wherein the pressing of the multilayer body is carried out so that the resin permeates through the veneer so that after the pressing the resin is visible at a surface of the veneer,
wherein the resin layer is applied as a watery resin solution,
wherein the watery resin solution consists of two weight parts of resin powder and one weight part of water.
20. A method for producing panels, said method comprising:
providing a basic carrier plate, the basic carrier plate comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
providing a veneer, the veneer possessing pores, cracks, and/or gaps;
applying a resin layer on the top surface of the basic carrier plate;
forming a multilayer body comprising the basic carrier plate, the veneer, the resin layer interposed between the basic carrier plate and the veneer, and a balancing layer arranged on the bottom surface of the basic carrier plate;
joining the basic carrier plate, the resin layer, the veneer, and the balancing layer by pressing the multilayer body in a press, wherein a pressing pressure, a pressing temperature and a pressing time are adjusted so that during the pressing of the multilayer body in the press, the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer are filled with resin from the resin layer
separating the pressed multilayer body into individual panels; and
profiling the panels at side borders of the panels and providing the panels with joining means,
wherein the pressing of the multilayer body is carried out so that the resin permeates through the veneer so that after the pressing the resin is visible at a surface of the veneer, and
wherein the pressing is performed at greater than or equal to 1000 kPA for between 10 seconds and 60 seconds.
21. A method for producing panels, said method comprising:
providing a basic carrier plate, the basic carrier plate comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
providing a veneer, the veneer possessing pores, cracks, and/or gaps;
applying a resin layer on the top surface of the basic carrier plate;
forming a multilayer body comprising the basic carrier plate, the veneer, the resin layer interposed between the basic carrier plate and the veneer, and a balancing layer arranged on the bottom surface of the basic carrier plate;
joining the basic carrier plate, the resin layer, the veneer, and the balancing layer by pressing the multilayer body in a press, wherein a pressing pressure, a pressing temperature and a pressing time are adjusted so that during the pressing of the multilayer body in the press, the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer are filled with resin from the resin layer
separating the pressed multilayer body into individual panels; and
profiling the panels at side borders of the panels and providing the panels with joining means, wherein
the pressing of the multilayer body is carried out so that the resin permeates through the veneer so that after the pressing the resin is visible at a surface of the veneer,
the resin layer is applied on the top surface of the basic carrier plate in liquid form, and
the applying of the resin layer comprises partially drying the resin layer to adhere the resin layer to the basic carrier plate as a gel or wax layer.
22. A method for producing panels, said method comprising:
providing a basic carrier plate, the basic carrier plate comprising a top surface and a bottom surface;
providing a veneer, the veneer possessing pores, cracks, and/or gaps;
applying a resin layer on the top surface of the basic carrier plate;
forming a multilayer body comprising the basic carrier plate, the single veneer, the resin layer interposed between the basic carrier plate and the single veneer, and a balancing layer arranged on the bottom surface of the basic carrier plate;
joining the basic carrier plate, the resin layer, the veneer, and the balancing layer by pressing the multilayer body in a press, wherein a pressing pressure, a pressing temperature and a pressing time are adjusted so that during the pressing of the multilayer body in the press, the pores, the cracks, and/or the gaps in the veneer are filled with resin from the resin layer
separating the pressed multilayer body into individual panels; and
profiling the panels at side borders of the panels and providing the panels with joining means, wherein
the pressing of the multilayer body is carried out so that the resin permeates through the veneer so that after the pressing the resin is visible at a surface of the veneer,
the press comprises a press plate, and
the press plate is heated to a temperature of between 180 ° C. and 210 ° C. during the pressing in the press.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the resin layer is formed by a resin film.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the resin layer is applied as a liquid, pasty film, and wherein color pigments and wood based fillers are added to the resin.