Increasing methionine yield
Process for the production of methionine or its derivatives by culturing a microorganism in an appropriate culture medium comprising a source of carbon and a source of sulfur. The microorganism and/or the culture medium are modified in such way that the methionine/carbon source yield is increased. The isolation of methionine or its derivates from the fermentation medium is also described.
1. A method for the production of methionine in a fermentative process comprising the following steps:
culturing a modified microorganism in an appropriate culture medium comprising a source of carbon and sulfate, thiosulfate, or a mixture of both as a source of sulfur, and recovering methionine from the culture medium, wherein said modified microorganism is a genetically modified E. coli comprising
a deleted methionine repressor gene metJ,
an overexpressed metA gene coding homoserine succinyltransferase alleles with reduced feed-back sensitivity to S-adenosylmethionine and/or methionine,
an overexpressed thrA gene coding for alleles of aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase with reduced feed-back inhibition to threonine,
an overexpressed metF gene coding for a 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,
an overexpressed metH gene coding for a B12-dependent homocysteine-N5-methyltetrahydrofolate transmethylase,
an overexpressed cysE gene coding for a serine acetyltransferase,
an overexpressed cysPUWAMoperon coding a sulfate/thiosulfate importer and a thiosulfate specific cysteine synthase,
an overexpressed cysJIH operon coding a sulfite reductase and a phosphoadenylyl-sulfate (PAPS) reductase, and
an overexpressed gvcTHPoperon coding a glycine cleavage complex,
wherein, compared to the non-modified microorganism, said modified microorganism presents
a decreased deformylation of formyl-tetrahydrofolate (formyl-THF) obtained by deletion of a purU gene coding a formyl-THF deformylase and
a reduction of the consumption of phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) by attenuating the expression of or deletion of a pykA gene coding a pyruvate kinase and/or a pykF gene coding a pyruvate kinase
wherein the growth and biomass production of the said modified microorganism is limited by limiting or starving said modified microorganism for phosphate in the culture medium.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the source of carbon in said culture medium is selected from the group consisting of hexoses, pentoses, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, molasses, starch or its derivatives, hemicelluloses, glycerol, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the carbon source is glucose or sucrose.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the genetically modified E. coli comprises Ptrc36-ARNmst17-metF coding a 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate (THF) reductase.