Titanium nano-scale etching on an implant surface
View Patent ↗A method of forming an implant to be implanted into living bone is disclosed. The method comprises the act of roughening at least a portion of the implant surface to produce a microscale roughened surface. The method further comprises the act of immersing the microscale roughened surface into a solution containing hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution to produce a nanoscale roughened surface consisting of nanopitting superimposed on the microscale roughened surface. The nanoscale roughened surface has a property that promotes osseointegration.
1. An implant to be implanted into living bone, comprising:
a head portion having a non-rotational features;
a lowermost end opposing the head portion; and
a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, wherein a portion of a surface of the implant has a microscale roughened surface and a nanoscale roughened surface superimposed on the microscale roughened surface, the nanoscale roughened surface including nanopitting superimposed on the microscale roughened surface.
2. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the implant is made of metal selected form the group consisting of tantalum, cobalt, chromium, titanium, stainless steel, or alloys thereof.
3. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the implant is a dental implant.
4. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the surface of the implant is the threaded bottom portion for facilitating bonding with bone.
5. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the microscale roughened surface includes a grit blasted surface.
6. The implant of claim 5 , wherein the microscale roughened surface includes peak-to-valley irregularity distances of about 10 microns to about 30 microns and peak-to-peak distances of less than about 3 microns.
7. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the microscale roughened surface includes an acid etched surface.
8. The implant of claim 7 , wherein the acid etched surface is a sulfuric acid and a hydrochloric acid-etched surface.
9. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the nanopitting is formed by immersing the implant in a solution including hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution.
10. The implant of claim 9 , wherein the basic solution includes sodium hydroxide.
11. The implant of claim 9 , wherein the basic solution includes potassium hydroxide solution.
12. The implant of claim 1 , wherein the nanopitting is in the range of about 1 nanometer to about 100 nanometers.
13. The implant of claim 1 , further including discrete nanoparticles superimposed on the nanoscale roughened surface.
14. The implant of claim 13 , further including a sodium lactate coating on the discrete nanoparticles.
15. An implant to be implanted into living bone, comprising:
a head portion having a non-rotational features;
a lowermost end opposing the head portion; and
a threaded bottom portion for engaging bone between the head portion and the lowermost end, wherein the threaded bottom portion includes a microscale roughened surface having peak-to-valley heights of about 10 microns to about 30 microns and a nanoscale roughened surface superimposed on the microscale roughened surface, the nanoscale roughened surface having peak-to-valley heights of less than about 10 microns superimposed on the microscale roughened surface, the nanoscale roughened surface includes nanopitting.
16. The implant of claim 15 , wherein the nanoscale roughened surface has peak-to-valley heights of about 1 micron to about 3 microns.
17. The implant of claim 15 , further including discrete nanoparticles on the nanoscale roughened surface.
18. The implant of claim 17 , further including a sodium lactate coating on the discrete nanoparticles.
19. The implant of claim 15 , wherein the implant is a dental implant.
20. The implant of claim 15 , wherein the nanopitting is formed by immersing the implant in a solution including hydrogen peroxide and a basic solution, the basic solution is a potassium hydroxide solution having a concentration of about 3-5% w/w and the hydrogen peroxide has a concentration of about 13-22% w/w.