High strength cast iron for cylinder liners
View Patent ↗A cast iron having high strength, hardness, and thermal conductivity for a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine is provided. The cast iron includes 3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the cast iron. The cast iron further includes 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, and up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, based on the total weight of the cast iron. Preferably, the cast iron is free of molybdenum, nickel, and vanadium. The cast iron is also heat treated and solidifies to achieve fully spheroidal graphite.
1. A cast iron for a cylinder liner, comprising:
3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, not greater than 0.01 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.01 wt. % nickel, and not greater than 0.01 wt. % vanadium, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the cast iron;
the cast iron including graphite, wherein at least a portion of the graphite is spheroidal graphite; and
the cast iron having a strength ranging from 600 to 900 MPa.
2. The cast iron of claim 1 further including up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, and up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, based on the total weight of the cast iron.
3. The cast iron of claim 1 , wherein the graphite consists of spheroidal graphite.
4. The cast iron of claim 1 further including up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, 0.0 wt. % molybdenum, 0.0 wt. % nickel, and 0.0 wt. % vanadium, based on the total weight of the cast iron; and
wherein 100% of the graphite present in the cast iron is spheroidal graphite.
5. A cylinder liner formed of cast iron, the cast iron comprising:
3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, not greater than 0.01 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.01 wt. % nickel, and not greater than 0.01 wt. % vanadium, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the cast iron;
the cast iron including graphite, and at least a portion of the graphite is spheroidal graphite; and
the cast iron having a strength ranging from 600 to 900 MPa.
6. The cylinder liner of claim 5 , wherein the cast iron further includes up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, and up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, based on the total weight of the cast iron.
7. The cylinder liner of claim 5 , wherein the graphite present in the cast iron consists of spheroidal graphite.
8. The cylinder liner of claim 5 , wherein the cast iron forms a body extending circumferentially a center axis and longitudinally between opposite ends;
the body includes an inner surface facing the center axis and an outer surface facing opposite the inner surface and away from the center axis;
the inner surface of the body presents an opening having a cylindrical shape; and
the cast iron further includes up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, 0.0 wt. % molybdenum, 0.0 wt. % nickel, and 0.0 wt. % vanadium, based on the total weight of the cast iron, and wherein 100% of the graphite present in the cast iron is spheroidal graphite.
9. A method of manufacturing cast iron for a cylinder liner, comprising the steps of:
providing an alloy including 3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, not greater than 0.01 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.01 wt. % nickel, and not greater than 0.01 wt. % vanadium, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the alloy; and
melting and solidifying the alloy to form the cast iron including graphite, wherein at least a portion of the graphite formed is spheroidal graphite, and the cast iron having a strength ranging from 600 to 900 MPa.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alloy further includes up to 0.3 wt. % phosphorous, up to 0.05 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.2 wt. % tin, and up to 0.1 wt. % magnesium, based on the total weight of the alloy.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the graphite formed consists of spheroidal graphite.
12. A method of manufacturing a cylinder liner formed of cast iron, comprising the steps of:
providing an alloy including 3.2 wt. % to 3.8 wt. % carbon, 2.2 wt. % to 3.2 wt. % silicon, 0.5 wt. % to 1.3 wt. % copper, 0.01 wt. % to 0.5 wt. % manganese, 0.01 wt. % to 0.2 wt. % chromium, not greater than 0.01 wt. % molybdenum, not greater than 0.01 wt. % nickel, and not greater than 0.01 wt. % vanadium, and at least 75.0 wt. % iron, based on the total weight of the alloy; and
melting and solidifying the alloy to form the cast iron including graphite, wherein at least a portion of the graphite formed is spheroidal graphite, and the cast iron having a strength ranging from 600 to 900 MPa.