Auto thermal reforming (ATR) catalytic structures
An autothermal reforming catalytic structure for generating hydrogen gas from liquid hydrocarbons, steam and an oxygen source. The autothermal reforming catalytic structure includes a support structure and nanosized mixed metal oxide particles dispersed homogenously throughout the support structure.
1. A method for forming a catalytic membrane reactor having an autothermal reforming (ATR) and water-gas-shift (WGS) catalytic layer, the method comprising the steps of:
introducing a sol-gel to an inner surface of a membrane tube such that the sol-gel contacts the inner surface of the membrane tube, the sol-gel comprising a boehmite solution having a concentration in the range of 5% to 10% aluminum;
heating the membrane tube to form an inner surface comprising γ-alumina and α-alumina;
introducing a colloidal sol solution to the inner surface of the membrane tube such that the second sol-gel contacts the membrane tube, the colloidal sol solution comprising an acid, a salt, or combination of both of at least one metal;
drying the membrane tube such that the acid, salt, or combination of both of the at least one metal is deposited onto the inner surface of the membrane tube;
calcining the inner surface of the membrane tube such that the at least one metal is calcined; and
reducing the calcined at least one metal under a hydrogen-containing gas such that particles of the at least one metal disperse over pores of the γ-alumina and α-alumina of the inner surface to form the autothermal reforming (ATR) and water-gas-shift (WGS) catalytic layer.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal does not contain palladium.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalytic membrane reactor is operable to convert a combination of gasoline, air and steam into a composition comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and oxygen-depleted air, where the hydrogen comprises at least about 64 mol % of the composition.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , where the colloidal sol solution comprises chloroplatinic acid and rhodium chloride.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the at least one metal comprises platinum and rhodium.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the at least one metal has a metal dispersion of 65%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal comprises nickel.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the membrane tube comprises an α-alumina tube.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising forming a silica layer doped with a second metal on an external wall of the membrane tube.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein forming a silica layer doped with a second metal on an external wall of the membrane tube:
coating the external wall with a silicon-cobalt-oxygen solution; and
sintering the coating external wall at a sintering temperature for at least 4 hours at a heating rate of at least 0.7° C.