Plastic phase change material and articles made therefrom
The present invention generally relates to a method for manufacturing phase change material (PCM) pellets. The method includes providing a melt composition, including paraffin and a polymer. The paraffin has a melt point of between about 10° C. and about 50° C., and more preferably between about 18° C. and about 28° C. In one embodiment, the melt composition includes various additives, such as a flame retardant. The method further includes forming the melt composition into PCM pellets. The method further may include the step of cooling the melt to increase the melt viscosity before pelletizing. Further, PCM compounds are provided having an organic PCM and a polymer. Methods are provided to convert the PCM compounds into various form-stable PCMs. A method of coating the PCMs is included to provide PCMs with substantially no paraffin seepage and with ignition resistance properties.
1. A plastic phase change material (PCM) pellet comprising:
a pellet comprising a mixture of a paraffin and a crystalline polymer; and
two coating layers on the pellet comprising an inner coating and a calcium silicate powder outer coating;
wherein
the paraffin is from 50 wt % to 90 wt % of the combined weight of paraffin and crystalline polymer;
the plastic PCM pellet has a latent heat falling in the range of 60 J/g to 160 J/g.
2. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the plastic PCM pellet size is 1 mm to 5 mm.
3. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the paraffin is from 60 wt % to 90 wt % of the combined weight of paraffin and crystalline polymer.
4. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the paraffin comprises a normal paraffin with a carbon number falling in the range of 14 carbons to 22 carbons.
5. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the two coating layers combined are from 10 wt % to 30 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet.
6. A plastic phase change material (PCM) pellet comprising:
a pellet comprising a mixture of a paraffin and a crystalline polymer; and
two coating layers on the pellet comprising an inner coating and an outer coating, where at least one of the two coating layers is polyvinylidene chloride;
wherein
the paraffin is from 50 wt % to 90 wt % of the combined weight of paraffin and crystalline polymer;
the plastic PCM pellet has a latent heat falling in the range of 60 J/g to 160 J/g.
7. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 6 , wherein the two coating layers are an inner ethyl cellulose coating and an outer polyvinylidine chloride coating.
8. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 7 , wherein the inner ethyl cellulose coating is from 2 wt % to 7 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet.
9. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 7 , wherein the outer polyvinylidine chloride coating is from 15 wt % to 25 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet.
10. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 7 , wherein
the inner ethyl cellulose coating is from 2 wt % to 7 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet; and
the outer polyvinylidine chloride coating is from 15 wt % to 25 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet.
11. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein each of the two coating layers has a thickness from 10 microns to 200 microns.
12. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein each of the two coating layers has a thickness from 30 microns to 70 microns.
13. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the pellet further comprises a flame retardant.
14. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 13 , wherein the flame retardant of the pellet comprises a halogenated organic compound, an organo-antimony compound, or an organo-phosphorous compound.
15. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 6 , wherein
the paraffin is from 60 wt % to 90 wt % of the combined weight of paraffin and polymer;
the two coating layers are an inner ethyl cellulose coating and an outer polyvinylidine chloride coating;
the inner ethyl cellulose coating is from 2 wt % to 7 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet; and
the outer polyvinylidine chloride coating is from 15 wt % to 25 wt % of the total weight of the plastic PCM pellet.
16. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the mixture of the paraffin and the polymer is a homogenous mixture.
17. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the calcium silicate powder has an average particle size of 0.5-50 microns.
18. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 1 , wherein the calcium silicate powder has an average particle size of 1-10 microns.
19. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 6 , wherein the mixture of the paraffin and the polymer is a homogenous mixture.
20. The plastic PCM pellet of claim 6 , wherein the paraffin comprises a normal paraffin with a carbon number falling in the range of 14 carbons to 22 carbons.