Methods for adhering tissue surfaces and materials and biomedical uses thereof

1. A method for adhering a biological tissue surface to a second surface in a subject in need thereof comprising the steps of

administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to at least one of the biological tissue surface and the second surface and

bringing the biological tissue surface and the second surface into contact for a time sufficient for the biological tissue surface and the second surface to adhere to each other,

wherein the second surface is a hydrogel scaffold,

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles, and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological tissue is selected from the group consisting of skin tissue, hair tissue, nail tissue, corneal tissue, tongue tissue, oral cavity tissue, esophageal tissue, anal tissue, urethral tissue, vaginal tissue, urinary epithelial tissue, salivary gland tissue, mammary gland tissue, lacrimal gland tissue, sweat gland tissue, prostate gland tissue, bulbourethral gland tissue, Bartholin's gland tissue, uterine tissue, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract goblet cell tissue, gastric mucosal tissue, gastric gland tissue, pancreatic tissue, spleen tissue, pulmonary tissue, pituitary gland tissue, thyroid gland tissue, parathyroid gland tissue, testicular tissue, ovarian tissue, respiratory gland tissue, gastrointestinal gland tissue, adrenal gland tissue, renal tissue, liver tissue, adipose tissue, duct cell tissue, gall bladder tissue, epidydimal tissue, vas deferens tissue, blood vessel tissue, lymph gland tissue, lymphatic duct tissue, synovial tissue, serosal tissue, squamous tissue, cochlear tissue, choroid plexus tissue, ependymal tissue, dural tissue, pia-arachnoid tissue, sclera tissue, retinal tissue, iris tissue, ciliary tissue, dental tissue, otic tissue, ligament tissue, tendon tissue, elastic cartilage tissue, fibrocartilage tissue, hyaline cartilage tissue, bone marrow tissue, intervertebral disc tissue, compact bone tissue, cancellous bone tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, cardiac muscle tissue, smooth muscle tissue, cardiac valve tissue, pericardial tissue, pleural tissue, peritoneal tissue, blood cell tissue, neuronal tissue, glial tissue, sensory transducer cell tissue, pain sensitive tissue, autonomic neuron tissue, peripheral nervous system tissue, cranial nerve tissue, ocular lens tissue, germ cell tissue, thymus tissue, placental tissue, fetal membrane tissue, umbilical tissue, stem cell tissue, mesodermal tissue, ectodermal tissue, endodermal tissue, autologous tissue, and allograft tissue or a combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel scaffold further comprises a biologically active agent, a pharmaceutical agent or a radiosensitizer.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydrogel scaffold is loaded with a plurality of cells.

5. The method according claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles are detectable by an imaging technique selected from the group consisting of ultrasonography, elastography, Supersonic Shear Wave Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), fluorescence spectroscopy, Computed Tomography, and X-ray radiography, or by a combination of these techniques.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a solvent in the aqueous suspension is an organic solvent.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles are administered with a technique selected from the group consisting of coating, dipping, spraying, spreading and solvent casting.

8. The method according to claim 1 , (i) wherein the silica or iron oxide nanoparticles are administered in the form of the aqueous suspension to the biological tissue surface; and (ii) further comprising adsorbing additional silica or iron oxide nanoparticles to the second surface, prior to bringing the biological tissue surface and the second surface into contact.

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein (i) the silica or iron oxide nanoparticles are administered in the form of the aqueous suspension to the biological tissue surface, and (ii) the second surface comprises additional silica or iron oxide nanoparticles adsorbed thereon.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein one or both of said nanoparticles and said second surface includes a drug to control bleeding, treat infection or malignancy, or promote tissue regeneration.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous suspension consists essentially of a solvent and nanoparticles.

12. A method of controlling bleeding at a biological tissue surface by adhering the biological tissue surface to a second surface, comprising

administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to at least one of the biological tissue surface and the second surface and

bringing the biological tissue surface and the second surface into contact for a time sufficient for the biological tissue surface and the second surface to adhere to each other,

wherein the second surface is a hydrogel scaffold,

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles, and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

13. A method for sealing a defect between a first biological tissue and a second biological tissue by adhering a surface of the first biological tissue to a surface of the second biological tissue, comprising:

administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to at least one of the first biological tissue surface and the second biological tissue surface; and

bringing the first biological tissue surface and the second biological tissue surface into contact for a time sufficient for the first biological tissue surface and the second biological tissue surface to adhere to each other; and

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles; and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first biological tissue surface and the second biological tissue surface are brought into contact by sutures, staples, mechanical fixators, or mesh.

15. A method of performing tissue engineering by adhering a biological tissue surface to a second surface, comprising

administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to at least one of the biological tissue surface and the second surface and

bringing the biological tissue surface and the second surface into contact for a time sufficient for the biological tissue surface and the second surface to adhere to each other,

wherein the second surface is a hydrogel scaffold,

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles, and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

16. A method for building an assembly made with a multilayer of biological tissues and materials comprising

i) administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to one or both of a surface of a biological tissue layer and a surface of a material layer, and

ii) bringing the surface of the biological tissue layer and the surface of the material layer into contact for a time sufficient for the surface of the biological tissue layer and the surface of the material layer to adhere to each other, and

iii) repeating steps i) and ii) a plurality of times to form the multilayer of biological tissues and materials,

wherein each material layer is a hydrogel scaffold,

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles, and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

17. A method of performing surgery that requires adhering a biological tissue surface to a second surface in a subject in need thereof, comprising the steps of

administering nanoparticles in the form of an aqueous suspension to at least one of the biological tissue surface and the second surface and

bringing the biological tissue surface and the second surface into contact for a time sufficient for the biological tissue surface and the second surface to adhere to each other,

wherein the second surface is a hydrogel scaffold,

wherein the nanoparticles are silica nanoparticles or iron oxide nanoparticles, and

wherein the aqueous suspension does not include a coagulation agent other than the nanoparticles.

18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the surgery is selected from the group consisting of bariatric surgery, cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery, colon and rectal surgery, dermatologic surgery, general surgery, gynecologic surgery, maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery, obstetric surgery, oncologic surgery, ophthalmologic surgery, oral surgery, orthopedic surgery, otolaryngologic surgery, pediatric surgery, plastic surgery, cosmetic and reconstructive surgery, podiatric surgery, spine surgery, transplant surgery, trauma surgery, vascular surgery, urologic surgery, dental surgery, veterinary surgery, endoscopic surgery, anesthesiology, an interventional radiologic procedure, an emergency medicine procedure, a battlefield procedure, a deep or superficial laceration repair, a cardiologic procedure, an internal medicine procedure, an intensive care procedure, an endocrinologic procedure, a gastroenterologic procedure, a hematologic procedure, a hepatologic procedure, a diagnostic radiologic procedure, an infectious disease procedure, a nephrologic procedure, an oncologic procedure, a proctologic procedure, a pulmonary medicine procedure, a rheumatologic procedure, a pediatric procedure, a physical medicine or rehabilitation medicine procedure, a geriatric procedure, a palliative care procedure, a medical genetic procedure, and a fetal procedure, or a combination thereof.