Field Device for Detecting or Monitoring a Physical or Chemical Process Variable of a Medium
The invention relates to a field device for detecting or monitoring a physical or chemical process variable of a medium in automation technology, having a power output ( 6 ), which is arranged on the primary side (P), and having an electronics unit ( 3, 13 ) which is arranged on the secondary side (S) and is supplied with energy from the primary side (P) via two connecting lines ( 4 ), wherein the electronics unit ( 3 ) actuates the power output ( 6 ) such that the direct current flowing on the connecting lines ( 4 ) represents the value of the process variable which is detected on the secondary side (S), having at least one communications unit ( 7 ) which provides digital data (Data), and having a galvanically decoupled transmission means ( 9 ) which transmits the digital data (Data) between the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S), wherein a circuit arrangement having two switches of a primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) is provided, wherein one switch of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) is arranged in each connecting line ( 4 ), having two switches of at least one secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), wherein one switch of the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) is arranged in each connecting line ( 4 ), having an intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ), which is arranged between the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S), and a secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) which is associated with the secondary side (S), wherein the two energy storage means ( 18, 19 ) are connected in parallel to one another, and having at lea one electronic control circuit ( 14 ) which alternately actuates the switch pairs ( 11, 12 ) such that the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S) are galvanically disconnected from one another.
1 . Field device for detecting or monitoring a physical or chemical process variable of a medium in automation technology with a power output ( 6 ) arranged on the primary side (P) and an electronics unit ( 3 , 13 ) arranged on the secondary side (S) that is supplied with energy from the primary side (P) via two connecting lines ( 4 ), wherein the electronic unit ( 3 ) controls the power output ( 6 ) so that the direct current flowing in the connecting lines ( 4 ) represents the value of the process variable detected on the secondary side (S), with at least one communication unit ( 7 ) that provides digital data (Data), and with galvanically decoupled transmission means ( 9 ) that transmits the digital data (Data) between the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S), wherein a circuit arrangement is provided with two switches of a primary-side switch pair ( 11 ), wherein, in each connecting line ( 4 ), a switch of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) is arranged, with two switches of at least one secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), wherein, in each connecting line ( 4 ), a switch of the secondary side switch pair ( 12 ) is arranged, with an intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ) arranged between the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S) and a secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) associated with the secondary side (S), wherein the two energy storage means ( 18 , 19 ) are connected in parallel to each other and with at least one electronic control circuit ( 14 ) that alternately controls the switch pairs ( 11 , 12 ), so that the primary side (P) and the secondary side (S) are galvanically disconnected from each other.
2 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein the field device is designed as a two-wire device, so that the power supply and the communication occur via the same connecting lines ( 4 ), or wherein the field device is designed as a four-wire device, whereby the power supply and the communication occur via separate connecting lines.
3 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein the components of the primary side (P) and the components of the secondary side (S) are arranged in a housing.
4 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of the components of the primary side (P) are associated with a first housing, wherein the rest of the components of the primary side (P) and the components of the secondary side (S) are associated with a second housing, and wherein the two housings are arranged separate from each other and are connected via a connecting cable ( 23 ).
5 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ) is arranged connected in parallel between the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), wherein a secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) is connected in parallel to the intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ) downstream from the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), and wherein the at least one control circuit ( 14 ) alternately closes the switch of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and opens the switch of the secondary side switch pair ( 12 ) during a predetermined or variable first time interval, and closes the switch of the secondary side switch pair ( 12 ) and opens the switch of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) during a predetermined or variable second time interval.
6 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein two intermediate energy storage means ( 16 , 17 ) are provided between the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) connected in parallel, wherein a secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) is connected in parallel to both intermediate energy storage means ( 16 , 17 ) downstream from the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) wherein the at least one control circuit ( 14 ) alternately connects the second intermediate energy storage means ( 17 ) to the power supply ( 25 ) via the switches of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and the first intermediate energy storage means ( 16 ) to the secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) via the switches of the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) during a predetermined or variable first time interval, and during a predetermined or variable second time interval, connects the second intermediate energy storage means ( 17 ) to the secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) via the switches of the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) and connects the first intermediate energy storage means ( 16 ) to the power supply ( 25 ) via the switches of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ).
7 . Device according to claim 1 , wherein a second primary-side switch pair ( 15 ) each having a switch in each of the two connecting lines ( 4 ) and a second primary-side control circuit ( 14 a ) are provided on the primary side (P), wherein the primary side (P) is associated with the switches of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and the primary-side control circuit ( 14 b ), wherein the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ) is provided with a switch in each of the two connecting lines ( 4 ), respectively, on the secondary side (S), wherein the intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ) is arranged connected in parallel between the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ) and the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), wherein the secondary-side energy storage means ( 19 ) is arranged connected in parallel to the intermediate energy storage means ( 18 ), wherein, during a first time interval, the second primary-side control circuit ( 14 a ) alternately closes the switches of the second primary-side switch pair ( 15 ), and the first primary-side control circuit ( 14 b ) simultaneously closes the switches of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ), and the secondary-side control circuit ( 14 c ) simultaneously opens the switches of the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ), and wherein, during a second time interval, the second primary-side control circuit ( 14 a ) opens the switches of the second primary-side switch pair ( 15 ), the first primary-side control circuit ( 14 b ) simultaneously opens the switches of the primary-side switch pair ( 11 ), and the secondary-side control circuit ( 14 c ) simultaneously closes the switches of the secondary-side switch pair ( 12 ).
8 . Field device according to claim 1 , wherein the energy storage means ( 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ) are capacitors or batteries.
9 . Field device according to claim 8 , wherein the capacitance of the capacitors and/or the length of the predetermined time intervals is dimensioned so that the minimum energy required by the field device for operation is always available.
10 . Field device according to claim 8 , wherein the switches of the switch pairs ( 11 , 12 , 15 ) preferably are capacitively decoupled switches.
11 . Field device according to claim 10 , wherein the capacitively decoupled switch ( 24 ) consists of two switches ( 22 ) connected in series and a third switch ( 22 a ) connected in parallel, wherein the connecting line ( 21 ) of the two switches ( 22 ) in the open state of the capacitively decoupled switch ( 24 ) is connected to ground via the third switch ( 22 a ).
12 . Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the galvanically disconnected transmission means ( 9 , 10 ) are optical, capacitive, or radio transmission links.
13 . Device according to claim 1 , wherein the switches of the switch pairs ( 11 , 12 , 15 ) are relays or transistors.