Compositions and methods for detecting microorganisms
Described herein are compositions and methods for detecting the presence or absence of a microorganism in a sample comprising contacting the sample with an aptamer capable of binding to a cell-surface protein of the microorganism to form a complex, contacting the mixture with a second aptamer capable of binding to the first cell-surface protein or a second cell-surface protein of the microorganism; and performing an assay to detect the second aptamer, wherein detecting the second aptamer indicates that the microorganism is present in the sample, and wherein not detecting the second aptamer indicates that the microorganism is absent from the sample.
1. A nucleic acid molecule comprising the sequence of GGCWWCGGGWACCWAWWAWNGGWWWAGCC(N) n GWC (SEQ ID NO:14), wherein W is independently, for each occurrence, a C-5 modified pyrimidine, N is any unmodified or modified nucleotide, and n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is from about 32 to about 100 nucleotides in length.
2. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule is at least about 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 or 50 nucleotides in length.
3. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid molecule having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:1-8, wherein W is a C-5 modified pyrimidine.
4. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein the C-5 modified pyrimidine is selected from the group consisting of 5-(N-benzylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (BndC); 5-(N-2-phenylethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (PEdC); 5-(N-3-phenylpropylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (PPdC); 5-(N-1-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (NapdC); 5-(N-2-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (2NapdC); 5-(N-1-naphthyl-2-ethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (NEdC); 5-(N-2-naphthyl-2-ethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (2NEdC); 5-(N-benzylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (BndU); 5-(N-isobutylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (iBudU); 5-(N-tryptaminocarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (TrpdU); 5-(N-[1-(3-trimethylammonium)propyl]carboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine chloride and 5-(N-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (NapdU).
5. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 , wherein C-5 modified pyrimidine is a 5-(N-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (NapdU).
6. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 3 , wherein the C-5 modified pyrimidine is selected from the group consisting of 5-(N-benzylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (BndC); 5-(N-2-phenylethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (PEdC); 5-(N-3-phenylpropylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (PPdC); 5-(N-1-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (NapdC); 5-(N-2-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (2NapdC); 5-(N-1-naphthyl-2-ethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (NEdC); 5-(N-2-naphthyl-2-ethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxycytidine (2NEdC); 5-(N-benzylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (BndU); 5-(N-isobutylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (iBudU); 5-(N-tryptaminocarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (TrpdU); 5-(N-[1-(3-trimethylammonium)propyl]carboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine chloride and 5-(N-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (NapdU).
7. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 3 , wherein C-5 modified pyrimidine is a 5-(N-naphthylmethylcarboxyamide)-2′-deoxyuridine (NapdU).