Steel wire
A steel wire according to an aspect of the present invention includes a predetermined chemical composition, in which a wire diameter R of the steel wire is 1.0 mm to 3.5 mm, a soft portion is formed along an outer circumference of the steel wire, the Vickers hardness of the soft portion is lower than that of a position of the steel wire at a depth of ¼ of the wire diameter R by Hv 30 or higher, the thickness of the soft portion is 5 μm to 0.1×R mm, the metallographic structure of a center portion of the steel wire contains 95% to 100% of pearlite by area %, the average lamellar spacing of pearlite in a portion from a surface of the steel wire to a depth of 5 μm is less than that of pearlite at the center of the steel wire, the difference between the average lamellar spacing of pearlite in the portion from the surface of the steel wire to the depth of 5 μm and the average lamellar spacing of pearlite at the center of the steel wire is 3 nm to 60 nm, and the tensile strength is 1100 MPa or higher.
1. A steel wire comprising, as a chemical composition, by mass %,
C: 0.70% to 1.20%,
Si: 0.15% to 0.60%,
Mn: 0.10% to 1.00%,
N: 0.0010% to 0.0050%,
Al: 0% to 0.010%,
Ti: 0% to 0.10%,
Cr: 0% to 0.50%,
Co: 0% to 0.50%,
V: 0% to 0.50%,
Cu: 0% to 0.20%,
Nb: 0% to 0.100%,
Mo: 0% to 0.20%,
W: 0% to 0.200%,
B: 0% to 0.0030%,
REM: 0% to 0.0050%,
Ca: 0% to 0.0050%,
Mg: 0% to 0.0050%,
Zr: 0% to 0.0100%, and
a remainder including Fe and impurities,
wherein a wire diameter R of the steel wire is 1.0 mm to 3.5 mm,
a soft portion is formed along an outer circumference of the steel wire,
a Vickers hardness of the soft portion is lower than that of the steel wire at a depth of ¼ of the wire diameter R by a Hv 30 or higher,
a thickness of the soft portion is 5 μm to 0.1×R mm,
a metallographic structure of the steel wire other than the soft portion contains 95% to 100% of pearlite by area %,
an average lamellar spacing of the pearlite in a region from a surface of the steel wire to a depth of 5 μm is less than that of the pearlite at the center of the steel wire,
a difference between the average lamellar spacing of the pearlite in the region from the surface of the steel wire to the depth of 5 μm and the average lamellar spacing of the pearlite at the center of the steel wire is 3 nm to 60 nm, and
a tensile strength is 1100 MPa or higher.
2. The steel wire according to claim 1 ,
wherein the thickness of the soft portion is 10 μm to 0.08×R mm.
3. The steel wire according to claim 2 ,
wherein the difference between the average lamellar spacing in the region from the surface of the steel wire to the depth of 5 μm and the average lamellar spacing of the center of the steel wire is 40 nm to 3 nm.
4. The steel wire according to claim 3 further comprising, as the chemical composition, by mass %, one element or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
Ti: 0.005% to 0.10%,
Cr: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Co: more than 0% to 0.50%,
V: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Cu: more than 0% to 0.20%,
Nb: more than 0% to 0.100%,
Mo: more than 0% to 0.20%,
W: more than 0% to 0.20%,
B: more than 0% to 0.0030%,
REM: more than 0% to 0.0050%,
Ca: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%,
Mg: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
Zr: more than 0.0005% to 0.0100%.
5. The steel wire according to claim 2 further comprising, as the chemical composition, by mass %, one element or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
Ti: 0.005% to 0.10%,
Cr: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Co: more than 0% to 0.50%,
V: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Cu: more than 0% to 0.20%,
Nb: more than 0% to 0.100%,
Mo: more than 0% to 0.20%,
W: more than 0% to 0.20%,
B: more than 0% to 0.0030%,
REM: more than 0% to 0.0050%,
Ca: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%,
Mg: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
Zr: more than 0.0005% to 0.0100%.
6. The steel wire according to claim 1 ,
wherein the difference between the average lamellar spacing in the region from the surface of the steel wire to the depth of 5 μm and the average lamellar spacing of the center of the steel wire is 40 nm to 3 nm.
7. The steel wire according to claim 6 further comprising, as the chemical composition, by mass %, one element or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
Ti: 0.005% to 0.10%,
Cr: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Co: more than 0% to 0.50%,
V: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Cu: more than 0% to 0.20%,
Nb: more than 0% to 0.100%,
Mo: more than 0% to 0.20%,
W: more than 0% to 0.20%,
B: more than 0% to 0.0030%,
REM: more than 0% to 0.0050%,
Ca: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%,
Mg: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
Zr: more than 0.0005% to 0.0100%.
8. The steel wire according to claim 1 further comprising, as the chemical composition, by mass %, one element or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
Ti: 0.005% to 0.10%,
Cr: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Co: more than 0% to 0.50%,
V: more than 0% to 0.50%,
Cu: more than 0% to 0.20%,
Nb: more than 0% to 0.100%,
Mo: more than 0% to 0.20%,
W: more than 0% to 0.20%,
B: more than 0% to 0.0030%,
REM: more than 0% to 0.0050%,
Ca: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%,
Mg: more than 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
Zr: more than 0.0005% to 0.0100%.
9. The steel wire according to claim 1 ,
wherein the tensile is 1650 MPa to 1100 MPa.