ACRYLAMIDE-BASED CONDUCTIVE COMPOUNDS, AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USES THEREOF
Acrylamide-based conductive compounds, and methods of making and using the acrylamide-based conductive compounds are disclosed. The acrylamide-based conductive compounds may include monomers or may be formed into polymers and acrylamide-based conductive materials, such as gels. The acrylamide-based conductive materials may be formed using inflammable or high boiling point fluids. The acrylamide-based conductive compounds described herein may conduct, coordinate, or otherwise be associated with various ions, including, without limitation, lithium ions, sodium ions and potassium ions. As such, acrylamide-based conductive compound may be used to support ion movement within electrical components and/or power devices such as batteries and capacitors.
1 .- 17 . (canceled)
18 . A polymer comprising formula II:
the polymer being a random polymer, a block polymer or an alternating polymer;
wherein
L is a linking moiety selected from a direct bond, —O—, —R 7 —, —R 7 —O—, —R 7 —O—C(O)—R 7 —;
R 1 is H, —CH 3 , or —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-OH;
R 2 is H or —CH 3 ;
R 3 is H or —CH 3 ;
R 4 is H or —CH 3 ;
R 5 is H or —CH 3 ;
each R 6 is independently —C 1 -C 6 alkyl-OH;
each R 7 is independently selected from —O—, —R 8 —, —R 8 —O—, —R 8 —O—C(O)—R 8 —;
each R 8 is independently selected from C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
x is an integer of 1 to 100;
y is an integer of 0 to 100; and
z is an integer of 0 to 100.
19 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are H.
20 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are —CH 3 .
21 .- 22 . (canceled)
23 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 2 is —CH 3 , R 3 is H, and R 4 is H.
24 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 7 is —O—.
25 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 7 is —R 8 —O—.
26 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 7 is —R 8 —O—C(O)—R 8 —.
27 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are each individually selected from an alkyl group, an alkene group, an alkyne group, or an aryl group.
28 . The polymer of claim 18 , wherein L is a direct bond or —O—.
29 .- 34 . (canceled)
35 . The polymer of claim 18 , coordinated with at least one metal ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and copper.
36 .- 57 . (canceled)
58 . A method of making an acrylamide-based conductive material, the method comprising:
contacting an acetone/pyridine solution with a carbonate solution to form a first intermediate compound;
contacting 1-methyl-6-deoxy-6-ammonium bromide-D-glucose with the first intermediate compound to form a second intermediate compound;
contacting hexane with (meth) acryloyl chloride to form a third intermediate compound;
contacting the third intermediate compound with the second intermediate compound to form a fourth intermediate compound;
removing water from the fourth intermediate compound to form a solid compound;
contacting an alcohol with the solid compound to dissolve organic material in the solid compound;
removing the alcohol; and
forming the acrylamide-based conductive material.
59 . The method of claim 58 , wherein contacting the acetone/pyridine solution with a carbonate solution comprises contacting with carbonate solution formed by dissolving one or more of a lithium bicarbonate and a sodium bicarbonate compound in water.
60 .- 67 . (canceled)
68 . The method of claim 58 , wherein forming the acrylamide-based conductive material by comprises recrystallizing the solid compound
69 . The method of claim 59 , wherein the one or more lithium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate is present in the bicarbonate carbonate solution in an amount of about 11% by weight per volume of solution.
70 . (canceled)
71 . The method of claim 58 , wherein contacting the hexane and the (meth) acryloyl chloride comprises contacting at a volume ratio of about 1:0.03.
72 . (canceled)
73 . The method of claim 58 , wherein further comprising forming the acrylamide-based conductive material into the acrylamide-based conductive gel by:
dissolving the acrylamide-based conductive material in a mixture comprising an organic fluid, a crosslinking agent, and a metal persulfate to form a gel solution; and
heating the gel solution to form the acrylamide-based conductive gel.
74 . The method of claim 73 , wherein heating the gel solution comprises heating at a temperature of about 70° C. to about 80° C.
75 . (canceled)
76 . The method of claim 73 , wherein dissolving the acrylamide-based conductive material comprises dissolving in a the metal persulfate comprises comprising at least one of: lithium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, magnesium persulfate, and calcium persulfate.
77 . (canceled)
78 . The method of claim 73 , wherein dissolving the acrvlamide-based conductive material comprises dissolving in an organic fluid comprising at least one of the following: glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.
79 .- 80 . (canceled)
81 . An acrylamide-based conductive gel battery comprising:
an acrylamide-based conductive gel infused with electrolyte; and
at least one anode and at least one cathode arranged within the acrylamide-based conductive gel, wherein the acrylamide-based conductive gel supports ionic communication between the at least one anode and the at least one cathode, the ionic communication generating an electric current for the acrylamide-based conductive gel battery.
82 .- 84 . (canceled)
85 . The battery of claim 81 , wherein the electric current generated by the ionic communication between the at least one anode and the at least one cathode yields a battery voltage of at least about 0.9 V.
86 . (canceled)
87 . The battery of claim 81 , wherein:
the at least one cathode comprises a cathode material selected from copper, carbon, silver, metal oxides, conducting polymers, carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, germanium, silicon, titanate, and combinations thereof;
the at least one anode comprises an anode material selected from zinc, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, lithium, conducting polymers, iron, nickel, metal oxides, and combinations thereof; and
the electrolyte comprises at least one of: lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate monohydrate, lithium perchlorate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium triflate.
88 .- 89 . (canceled)
90 . The battery of claim 81 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a complex counter-ion selected from cobalt (IV) oxide, manganese oxide, nickel oxide, and iron (III) phosphate.
91 . (canceled)
92 . A compound having the formula IV:
wherein A is an acrylamide moiety represented by the formula V:
wherein
R 1 is H or —CH 3 ;
R 2 is a polysaccharide, glucose, fructose, cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, a mogroside, mogroside II A 1 , mogroside II A 2 , mogroside II B, mogroside V, mogroside VI, and 7-oxomogroside II E;
R 3 is a polysaccharide, glucose, fructose, cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, a mogroside, mogroside II A 1 , mogroside II A 2 , mogroside II B, mogroside V, mogroside VI, and 7-oxomogroside II E;
m is an integer of 1 to 100; and
n is an integer of 0 to 100.
93 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, and cellulose.
94 .- 95 . (canceled)
96 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein R 2 is hydroxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, or ethyl cellulose.
97 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein R 2 is a mogroside selected from the group consisting of mogroside II A 1 , mogroside II A 2 , mogroside II B, mogroside V, mogroside VI, and 7-oxomogroside II E.
98 . (canceled)
99 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein R 3 is selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose and cellulose.
100 .- 102 . (canceled)
103 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein R 3 is a mogroside selected from the group consisting of mogroside II A 1 , mogroside II A 2 , mogroside IIB, mogroside V, mogroside VI, and 7-oxomogroside II E.
104 .- 109 . (canceled)
110 . The compound of claim 92 , wherein ion further comprising a coordination metal ion of a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, or copper.
111 . (canceled)