Energy absorption apparatus, seatbelt retractor, and seatbelt apparatus
To provide an energy absorption apparatus, a seatbelt retractor, and a seatbelt apparatus that are capable of changing the energy absorption amount according to increases and decreases in the rotation speed between objects that rotate relative to each other and capable of improving endurance. The energy absorption apparatus includes a first plate connected to one of the objects and having a wave-shaped groove formed in an annular shape, a second plate connected to another one of the objects, disposed so as to be adjacent to the first plate, and having a plurality of radial grooves formed at locations that face the wave-shaped groove, a plurality of driving pins that are inserted, at one end, in the wave-shaped groove and inserted, at another end, in the radial grooves, and a plurality of follower bodies that are housed in the wave-shaped groove or the radial grooves and that slide along the wave-shaped groove as the driving pins move.
1. An energy absorption apparatus disposed between objects that rotate relative to each other, the energy absorption apparatus comprising:
a first plate connected to one of the objects and having a wave-shaped groove formed in an annular shape;
a second plate connected to another one of the objects, disposed so as to be adjacent to the first plate, and having a plurality of radial grooves formed at locations that face the wave-shaped groove;
a plurality of driving pins that are inserted, at one end, in the wave-shaped groove and inserted, at another end, in the radial grooves; and
a plurality of follower bodies that are housed in the wave-shaped groove or the radial grooves and that slide along the wave-shaped groove or the radial grooves as the driving pins move.
2. The energy absorption apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the follower bodies housed in the wave-shaped groove are a single component part or a plurality of component parts filling space between the driving pins.
3. The energy absorption apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the follower bodies have a cross section with a crescent shape.
4. The energy absorption apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the follower bodies housed in the radial grooves are component parts having a hexahedral shape that are fixed to the driving pins.
5. The energy absorption apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a third plate that is fixed to the first plate so that the second plate is sandwiched therebetween and that has an auxiliary wave-shaped groove that is disposed so as to have the same shape and the same phase as the wave-shaped groove, wherein the radial grooves are formed in the second plate so as to extend through the second plate; the driving pins, at another end, extend through the radial grooves and are inserted into the auxiliary wave-shaped groove; and the follower bodies are housed in both the wave-shaped groove and the auxiliary wave-shaped groove.
6. A seatbelt retractor having a spool that retracts a webbing for restraining an occupant and a base frame that rotatably retains the spool, the seatbelt retractor comprising an energy absorption apparatus disposed between the base frame or a component part fixed to the base frame and the spool, wherein the energy absorption apparatus is the energy absorption apparatus according to claim 1 .
7. A seatbelt apparatus having a webbing that restrains an occupant to a seat, a seatbelt retractor that retracts the webbing, a belt anchor that fixes the webbing to a vehicle body side, a buckle disposed on a side surface of the seat, and a tongue disposed on the webbing, wherein the seatbelt retractor is the seatbelt retractor according to claim 6 .