Catalyst and process for hydroconversion of a heavy feedstock
A hydroconversion catalyst comprising a Group VIB metal component, a Group VIII metal component and a carrier material is disclosed wherein the catalyst has a total pore volume of 0.5 to 0.9 cc/g; and a pore volume distribution such that greater than 60% of pore volume are in pores present as micropores of diameter between 55 and 115 Å, less than 0.12 cc/g of pore volume are in pores present at pores of diameter greater than 160 Å and greater than 5% of the total pore volume is in pores of diameter greater than 210 Å.
1. A hydroprocessing catalyst for treating heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks, wherein said catalyst comprises: a calcined particle comprising a co-mulled mixture made by co-mulling inorganic oxide powder or powders, solution or solutions containing molybdenum and Group VIII metals and optionally water, acid and flocculating agent, and then forming said co-mulled mixture into a particle that is calcined to thereby provide said calcined particle, said calcined particles having: a total pore volume of 0.5 to 0.9 cc/g; and a pore volume distribution such that greater than 60% of pore volume are in pores present as micropores of diameter between 55 and 115 Å, less than 0.12 cc/g of pore volume are in pores present at pores of diameter greater than 160 Å and greater than 5% of the total pore volume in pores of diameter greater than 210 Å.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said calcined particle has a shape comprising a first end, a second end and a wall disposed between said ends, said wall comprising 3 or 4 lobes formed in the length of the wall.
3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said inorganic oxide material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and alumina-silica.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said calcined mixture has a molybdenum content in the range of from 1 weight percent to 24 weight percent with the weight percent being based upon the molybdenum as MoO3 and the total weight of the calcined mixture, a nickel content in the range of from 0.2 weight percent to 6 weight percent based on the nickel as NiO and the total weight of the calcined mixture, and a phosphorous content in the range from 0 weight percent to 6 weight percent, with the weight percent being based upon the phosphorous as P 2 O 5 and the total weight of the calcined mixture.
5. The catalyst of claim 2 , wherein each calcined particle has an outer circle diameter of D O , an inner circle diameter of D I , and a height of H; the ratio of D O to D I is between about 1.5 to 3.0; the ratio of H to D O is between about 1 to about 4; and the outer circle diameter D O is between about 0.75 and 2 millimeters.
6. The catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the catalyst has a pore volume distribution such that greater than 75% of pore volume are in pores present as micropores of diameter between 55 and 115 Å, and less than 0.10 cc/g of pore volume are in pores present at pores of diameter greater than 160 Å.
7. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein said calcined mixture has a molybdenum content in the range of from 7.5 weight percent to 11 weight percent with the weight percent being based upon the molybdenum as MoO3 and the total weight of the calcined mixture, a nickel content in the range of from 1.5 weight percent to 3.5 weight percent based on the nickel as NiO and the total weight of the calcined mixture, and a phosphorous content in the range from 0 weight percent to 2 weight percent, with the weight percent being based upon the phosphorous as P 2 O 5 and the total weight of the calcined mixture.
8. The catalyst of claim 5 , wherein said calcined particle has three truncated lobes with rounded intersections of the lobes.
9. A method of making a highly stable heavy hydrocarbon hydrodesulfurization, metal removal and pitch conversion catalyst, wherein said method comprises:
a. forming a co-mulled mixture by co-mulling solid inorganic oxide powders, solution or solutions containing molybdenum and Group VIII metals and optionally water, acid and flocculating agent;
b. extruding said co-mulled mixture into particles to form a shape comprising a first end, a second end and a wall disposed between said ends, said wall comprising 3 or 4 lobes formed in the length of the wall wherein each lobe; and
c. calcining said particles at temperatures such that greater than 60% of pore volume are in pores present as micropores of diameter between 55 and 115 Å, less than 0.12 cc/g of pore volume are in pores present at pores of diameter greater than 160 Å greater than 5% of the total pore volume is in pores of diameter greater than 210 Å; and
d. wherein said calcined particle has a shape comprising a first end, a second end and a wall disposed between said ends, said wall comprising 3 or 4 lobes formed in the length of the wall, wherein each calcined particle has an outer circle diameter of D O , an inner circle diameter of D I , and a height of H; the ratio of D O to D I is between about 1.5 to 3.0; the ratio of H to D O is between about 1 to about 4; and the outer circle diameter D O is between about 0.75 and 2 millimeters.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said calcining step is conducted under a controlled temperature condition in which the calcination temperature is in the range of from about 482° C. (900° F.) to about 787.7° C. (1450° F.) for a calcination time period that is effective to provide said calcined mixture having a desired pore structure.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said inorganic oxide material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and alumina-silica.
12. A process comprising: contacting a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock having a nickel content in the range of from 0.1 ppmw to 250 ppmw, a vanadium content in the range of from 0.3 ppmw to 250 ppmw, and a sulfur content in the range of from 0.5 wt% to 8 wt% with the catalyst of claim 1 .