Polyester Resin for Highly Filled Powder Coating
Methods and compositions for coating metal substrates with powder coatings are provided. The methods and systems include application of TGIC-reactive carboxyl-functional polyester resins with high acid number and low melt viscosity, used in powder coatings formulated at high pigment loadings, and optionally including a pigment dispersant in the premix prior to extrusion.
1 . A powder coating composition, comprising:
a solid carboxyl-functional polyester resin having an acid number of about 45 to 60 and a melt viscosity of less than about 300 poise at 160° C.;
a triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) curing agent;
one or more pigments at a total pigment loading of at least about 40 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition; and
optionally, a pigment dispersant,
wherein the powder coating composition has Tg of at least about 42° C.
2 . A method of making a powder coating composition, comprising:
providing a carboxyl-functional polyester resin having an acid number of about 45 to 60 and a melt viscosity of less than about 300 poise at 160° C.;
providing a TGIC curing agent;
providing one or more pigments at a total pigment loading of at least about 40 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition;
providing a pigment dispersant;
blending the carboxyl-functional polyester resin, the curing agent, one or more pigments, and the pigment dispersant to form a premix;
extruding the premix to obtain a solid composition; and
grinding to obtain a powder coating composition.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin has an acid number of about 50 to 55.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin has Tg of at least about 65° C.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin has Tg of about 70° C.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin is present in amount of about 80 to 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the binder.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the total pigment load is about 50 wt % to about 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin is derived from a mixture of dicarboxylic acids.
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin is derived from one or more dicarboxylic acids selected from adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, benzophenone dicarboxylic acid, diphenic acid, 4,4-dicarboxydiphenyl ether, 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, and combinations thereof.
10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl-functional polyester resin is derived from a mixture of dicarboxylic acids comprising:
at least about 50 mole % terephthalic acid;
less than about 10 mole % aliphatic dicarboxylic acid; and
less than about 40 mole % isophthalic acid.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the TGIC curing agent is present in an amount of about 10 to 15 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.
12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pigment dispersant is selected from polyester, acrylate, urethane, and mixtures thereof.
13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pigment dispersant is present in an amount of about 0.1 to 5 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition.
14 . A method of coating an article, comprising:
providing an article;
applying on at least one surface of the article the coating composition of claim 1 ; and
heating the substrate for about 10 to 15 minutes at a temperature of 190 to 220° C. to form a cured coating on the article.
15 . A coated article, comprising a substrate having disposed thereon a cured coating formed from the composition of claim 1 .