Array antenna and antenna system
An array antenna forms a main beam, and the main beam is toward a beam direction. The array antenna includes a plurality of radiating elements with a plurality of central line segments, where the plurality of radiating elements are arranged along a straight line, and the straight line is connecting the plurality of central line segments; and a plurality of meanders connecting the plurality of radiating elements; where the array antenna is disposed on a first plane, the beam direction has a nonzero deviating angle with a normal direction of the first plane, and the normal direction is perpendicular to the first plane.
1. An array antenna, forming a main beam, wherein the main beam is toward a beam direction, the array antenna comprising:
a plurality of radiating elements disposed on a first plane, comprising a plurality of central line segments, wherein the plurality of radiating elements is arranged along a straight line, and the straight line is connecting through the plurality of central line segments; and
a plurality of meanders, connecting the plurality of radiating elements on the first plane, such that the plurality of radiating elements and the plurality of meanders form a series along the straight line on the first plane;
wherein the array antenna is disposed on the first plane, a nonzero deviating angle is between the beam direction and a normal direction of the first plane, and the normal direction is perpendicular to the first plane.
2. The array antenna of claim 1 , wherein the array antenna comprises a phase center, and the array antenna is symmetric with respect to the phase center.
3. The array antenna of claim 1 , wherein lengths of the plurality of meanders are related to the deviating angle.
4. The array antenna of claim 1 , wherein the array antenna is fed-in from a terminal of the array antenna.
5. An antenna system, the antenna system comprising:
a first array antenna, disposed on a first plane, forming a main beam towards a beam direction; and
a first deviating array antenna, forming a deviating main beam towards a deviating beam direction, comprising:
a plurality of deviating radiating elements, disposed on the first plane, comprising a plurality of central line segments, wherein the plurality of deviating radiating elements are arranged along a deviation straight line, and the deviation straight line is connecting through the plurality of central line segments; and
a plurality of meanders, connecting the plurality of deviating radiating elements on the first plane, such that the plurality of radiating elements and the plurality of meanders form a series along the straight line on the first plane;
wherein a nonzero deviating angle is between the deviating beam direction and a normal direction of the first plane, and the normal direction is perpendicular to the first plane;
wherein an angle between the beam direction and deviating beam direction has nonzero degrees.
6. The antenna system of claim 5 , wherein lengths of the plurality of meanders are related to the nonzero deviating angle.
7. The antenna system of claim 5 , wherein the first array antenna comprises a plurality of first radiating elements and a plurality of direct connecting elements, the plurality of first radiating elements are arranged along a first straight line, the plurality of direct connecting elements connect the plurality of first radiating elements, and the first straight line is parallel to the deviation straight line.
8. The antenna system of claim 5 , wherein the deviating array antenna comprises a deviation phase center, the first array antenna comprises a phase center, and the deviation phase center is aligned with the phase center.
9. The antenna system of claim 5 , further comprising a second deviating array antenna which has the same structure as the first deviating array antenna, wherein the first deviating array antenna is fed-in from a first side of the antenna system, and the second deviating array antenna is fed-in from a second side of the antenna system.
10. The antenna system of claim 5 , further comprising:
a transmitting array antenna, configured to transmit a signal; and
a processing unit, coupled to the first deviating array antenna, the first array antenna and the transmitting array antenna;
wherein the processing unit controls the first deviating array antenna, the first array antenna and the transmitting array antenna, such that the antenna system operates in an amplitude-comparison mono-pulse mode or a phase-comparison mono-pulse mode.
11. The antenna system of claim 10 , wherein the antenna system operates in the amplitude-comparison mono-pulse mode, the antenna system performs angle recognition in a first direction.
12. The antenna system of claim 11 , wherein the antenna system operates in the phase-comparison mono-pulse mode, the antenna system performs angle recognition in a second direction which is different from the first direction.
13. The antenna system of claim 10 , further comprising a second array antenna which has the same structure as the first array antenna, wherein the antenna system utilizes one array antenna of the first array antenna and the second array antenna, and the first deviating array antenna to operate in the amplitude-comparison mono-pulse mode; the antenna system utilizes two array antennas of the first array antenna, the second array antenna and the first deviating array antenna to operate in the phase-comparison mono-pulse mode.
14. The antenna system of claim 10 , further comprising a second deviating array antenna which has the same structure as the first deviating array antenna and a second array antenna which has the same structure as the first array antenna, wherein the antenna system utilizes one array antenna of the first array antenna and the second array antenna, and one of the first deviating array antenna and the second deviating array antenna to operate in the amplitude-comparison mono-pulse mode; the antenna system utilizes two array antennas of the first array antenna, the second array antenna, the first deviating array antenna, and the second deviating array antenna to operate in the phase-comparison mono-pulse mode.
15. The antenna system of claim 14 , wherein the antenna system utilizes the first deviating array antenna and the second deviating array antenna to operate in the amplitude-comparison mono-pulse mode; the antenna system utilizes two array antennas among the first array antenna, the second array antenna, the first deviation array antenna and the second deviating array antenna to operate in the phase-comparison mono-pulse mode, the first deviating array antenna is fed-in from a first side of the antenna system, and the second deviating array antenna is fed-in from a second side of the antenna system.