Deskew in a high speed link
Systems and methods for high speed communications are described herein. In certain aspects, the systems and methods include innovative transceiver architectures and techniques for re-timing, multiplexing, de-multiplexing and transmitting data. The systems and methods can be used to achieve reliable high-speed point-to-point communication between different electronic devices, computing devices, storage devices and peripheral devices.
1. A communication system comprising:
a differential transmitter configured to transmit a differential signal, wherein the differential transmitter comprises:
a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to generate a first component of the differential signal, wherein the first DAC is configured to receive a first data signal and a first clock signal that controls timing of transmissions of the first DAC; and
a second DAC configured to generate a second component of the differential signal, wherein the second DAC is configured to receive a second data signal and a second clock signal that controls timing of transmissions of the second DAC;
a first skew adjustment circuit configured to provide a first amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first clock signal relative to the second clock signal; and
a skew control circuit configured to receive a skew indication signal that indicates a skew of the differential signal, wherein the skew control circuit is configured to control the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit based on a value of the skew indication signal.
2. The communication system of claim 1 , further comprising a cable and a differential receiver configured to receive the differential signal from the differential transmitter via the cable, wherein the differential receiver comprises a skew detector configured to control the value of the skew indication signal based on observing a skew of the differential signal.
3. The communication system of claim 2 , wherein the skew detector is configured to control the value of the skew indication signal based on a direction of the observed skew.
4. The communication system of claim 2 , wherein the differential receiver is further configured to provide the skew indication signal to the skew control circuit via the cable.
5. The communication system of claim 2 , wherein the cable comprises a pair of micro coaxial cables, wherein the differential transmitter transmits the differential signal to the differential receiver over the pair of micro coaxial cables.
6. The communication system of claim 1 , further comprising a second skew adjustment circuit configured to provide a second amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first data signal relative to the second data signal.
7. The communication system of claim 6 , wherein the skew control circuit is further configured to control the second amount of skew adjustment provided by the second skew adjustment circuit based on the value of the skew indication signal.
8. The communication system of claim 1 , wherein the skew control circuit is further configured to incrementally change the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit until the skew indication signal indicates that a direction of the skew has reversed.
9. A method of skew correction in a communication system, the method comprising:
transmitting a differential signal over a cable using a differential transmitter, wherein transmitting the differential signal comprises:
generating a first component of the differential signal based on a first data signal using a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC) of the differential transmitter;
controlling timing of transmissions of the first DAC using a first clock signal;
generating a second component of the differential signal based on a second data signal using a second DAC of the differential transmitter; and
controlling timing of transmissions of the second DAC using a second clock signal;
providing a first amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first clock signal relative to the second clock signal using a first skew adjustment circuit; and
controlling the first amount of skew adjustment based on a value of a skew indication signal using a skew control circuit, wherein the skew indication signal indicates a skew of the differential signal.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising receiving the differential signal at a differential receiver via the cable, observing a skew of the differential signal using a skew detector of the differential receiver, and controlling the value of the skew indication signal based on the observed skew.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising controlling the value of the skew indication signal based on a direction of the observed skew.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising providing the skew indication signal from the differential receiver to the skew control circuit via the cable.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein transmitting the differential signal further comprises transmitting the differential signal over a pair of micro coaxial cables.
14. The method of claim 9 , further comprising providing a second amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first data signal relative to the second data signal using a second skew adjustment circuit.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising controlling the second amount of skew adjustment provided by the second skew adjustment circuit based on the value of the skew indication signal.
16. The method of claim 9 , further comprising incrementally changing the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit until the skew indication signal indicates that a direction of the skew has reversed.
17. The method of claim 9 , further comprising changing the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit using the skew control circuit, and observing a change to the value of the skew indication signal using the skew control circuit.
18. A transceiver comprising:
a differential transmitter configured to transmit a differential signal to a differential receiver via a cable, wherein the differential transmitter comprises:
a first digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to generate a first component of the differential signal, wherein the first DAC is configured to receive a first data signal and a first clock signal that controls timing of transmissions of the first DAC; and
a second DAC configured to generate a second component of the differential signal, wherein the second DAC is configured to receive a second data signal and a second clock signal that controls timing of transmissions of the second DAC;
a first skew adjustment circuit configured to provide a first amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first clock signal relative to the second clock signal; and
a skew control circuit configured to receive a skew indication signal from the differential receiver, wherein the skew indication signal indicates a skew of the differential signal, wherein the skew control circuit is configured to control the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit based on a value of the skew indication signal.
19. The transceiver of claim 18 , further comprising a second skew adjustment circuit configured to provide a second amount of skew adjustment to the differential transmitter based on adjusting a delay of the first data signal relative to the second data signal.
20. The transceiver of claim 18 , wherein the skew control circuit is further configured to incrementally change the first amount of skew adjustment provided by the first skew adjustment circuit until the skew indication signal indicates that a direction of the skew has reversed.