System and method for a DC/DC converter
According to some embodiments, an electronic drive circuit is disclosed. The electronic drive circuit includes an energy storage device and a first bridge circuit coupled to the energy storage device. The first bridge circuit includes at least one leg having two switches. The electronic drive circuit also includes a transformer. The transformer includes a first winding coupled to the first bridge circuit and a second winding coupled to the energy storage device through a center tap. The electronic drive circuit further includes a second bridge circuit coupled to the second winding of the transformer. The second bridge circuit includes a pair of switches operable to conduct in both directions and block voltage in both directions. The electronic drive circuit additionally includes a DC bus coupled to the second bridge circuit and a controller, which is configured to buck or boost a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the DC bus as well as buck or boost a DC voltage from the DC bus to supply to the energy storage device.
1. An electronic drive circuit for DC/DC conversion, the circuit comprising:
an energy storage device;
a first bridge circuit coupled to the energy storage device, the first bridge circuit comprising at least one leg having two switching devices;
a transformer comprising:
a first winding coupled to the first bridge circuit; and
a second winding coupled to the energy storage device through a center tap;
a second bridge circuit coupled to the second winding of the transformer, the second bridge circuit comprising at least one pair of switching devices connected in series, the pair of switching devices operable to allow current to flow in both directions;
a DC bus coupled to the second bridge circuit; and
a controller configured to operate the switching devices to:
buck a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the DC bus in a first mode of operation;
boost a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the DC bus in a second mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated, variable frequency, or phase shift converter and the second bridge circuit as a rectifier during the first and second modes of operation;
buck a DC voltage from the DC bus to supply to the energy storage device in a third mode of operation; and
boost a DC voltage from the DC bus to supply to the energy storage device in a fourth mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a rectifier and the second bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated converter during the third and fourth modes of operation.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a resonant circuit coupled between the first bridge circuit and first winding of the transformer.
3. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein the resonant circuit comprises an inductor coupled to a capacitor.
4. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to operate both bridges with bridge-to-bridge phase shift control in combination with variable frequency and pulse width modulation control.
5. The circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a filter capacitor and inductor coupled between the second bridge circuit and DC bus.
6. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the DC bus is coupled to a traction drive system comprising an inverter and traction motor.
7. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the DC voltage is supplied to the energy storage device during the third and fourth modes of operation via regenerative braking.
8. A method for operating an electronic drive circuit, comprising:
coupling an energy storage device to a first bridge circuit, the first bridge circuit comprising at least one leg having two switching devices;
coupling a first winding of a transformer to the first bridge circuit;
coupling a second winding of the transformer to the energy storage device through a center tap;
coupling a second bridge circuit to the second winding of the transformer, the second bridge circuit comprising at least one pair of switching devices connected in series, the pair of switching devices operable to allow current to flow in both directions;
coupling a DC bus to the second bridge circuit; and
configuring a controller to operate the switching devices to:
buck a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the DC bus in a first mode of operation;
boost a DC voltage output from the energy storage device to supply to the DC bus in a second mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated, variable frequency, or phase shift converter and the second bridge circuit as a rectifier during the first and second modes of operation;
buck a DC voltage from the DC bus to supply to the energy storage device in a third mode of operation; and
boost a DC voltage output from the DC bus to supply to the energy storage device in a fourth mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a rectifier and the second bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated converter during the third and fourth modes of operation.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising coupling a resonant circuit between the first bridge circuit and transformer.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the resonant circuit comprises an inductor coupled to a capacitor.
11. An electric vehicle comprising:
an energy storage device;
a DC/DC converter comprising:
a first bridge circuit coupled to the energy storage device, the first bridge circuit comprising at least one leg having two switching devices;
a resonant circuit coupled to the first bridge circuit;
a transformer comprising:
a first winding coupled to the resonant circuit; and
a second winding coupled to the energy storage device through a center tap; and
a second bridge circuit coupled to the second winding of the transformer, the second bridge circuit comprising at least one pair of switching devices connected in series, the pair of switching devices operable to allow current to flow in both directions;
a traction drive system coupled to the second bridge circuit, the traction drive system comprising an inverter and traction motor; and
a controller configured to operate the DC/DC converter to:
buck a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the traction drive system in a first mode of operation;
boost a DC voltage from the energy storage device to supply to the traction drive system in a second mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated, variable frequency, or phase shift converter and the second bridge circuit as a rectifier during the first and second modes of operation;
buck a DC voltage from the traction drive system to supply to the energy storage device in a third mode of operation; and
boost a DC voltage from the traction drive system to supply to the energy storage device in a fourth mode of operation, wherein the controller is configured to operate the first bridge circuit as a full wave diode rectifier and the second bridge circuit as a pulse width modulated converter during the third and fourth modes of operation.
12. The vehicle of claim 11 , wherein the resonant circuit comprises an inductor coupled to a capacitor.
13. The vehicle of claim 11 , further comprising a filter capacitor and inductor coupled between the second bridge circuit and traction drive system.
14. The vehicle of claim 11 , wherein the DC voltage is supplied to the energy storage device during the third and fourth modes of operation via regenerative braking.