Spark plug gasket and method of attaching the same
A spark plug and a method of manufacturing the same, where the spark plug has a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a gasket located over a threaded portion of the shell and used to seal the spark plug against a cylinder head. Once the gasket is attached on the spark plug, it is shrunk to become a post-formed gasket with an inner diameter that prevents the post-formed gasket from slipping over a threaded portion of the metallic shell. This process may be carried out with a collet type machine that produces a post-formed gasket that is flat and has a substantially uniform thickness, which can improve the sealability of the gasket. This may be important when the spark plug is installed in a cylinder head made from a lost foam casting process or other process that creates a somewhat porous sealing surface.
1. A method of attaching a gasket to a metallic shell of a spark plug, the method comprising the steps of:
inserting a pre-formed gasket overtop of a threaded portion of the metallic shell, wherein the pre-formed gasket has a pre-formed inner diameter that is greater than an outer diameter of the threaded portion;
inserting the metallic shell with the pre-formed gasket thereon into an attachment tool;
driving the attachment tool from an open position to a closed position such that the attachment tool exerts a radially inward force against the pre-formed gasket; and
transforming the pre-formed gasket into a post-formed gasket that has a post-formed inner diameter that is less than the outer diameter of the threaded portion, wherein the post-formed gasket is flat and has a substantially uniform thickness.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first inserting step further comprises inserting the pre-formed gasket overtop of the threaded portion of the metallic shell so that the pre-formed gasket is located between the threaded portion of the metallic shell and an exterior shoulder of the metallic shell.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second inserting step further comprises inserting the metallic shell with the pre-formed gasket thereon into the attachment tool which includes a collet with a plurality of collet segments, during the second inserting step the collet is open so that the plurality of collet segments are somewhat spaced from one another and so that an overall inner diameter of the collet (D ICollet ) is greater than a pre-formed outer diameter of the gasket.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the driving step further comprises driving the attachment tool by forcing the plurality of collet segments into a tapered sleeve so that the plurality of collet segments are drawn together and exert a radially inward force against an outer circumferential side of the pre-formed gasket.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the collet is a round collet and when the plurality of collet segments are drawn together, they form a unified circular contact surface that exerts a generally uniform radially inward force against the outer circumferential side of the pre-formed gasket.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of collet segments consists of three collet segments, each of which is approximately 120°.
7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the collet is a hex-type collet and when the plurality of collet segments are drawn together, they form a unified non-circular contact surface that exerts a radially inward force against the outer circumferential side of the pre-formed gasket.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein each of the plurality of collet segments has a linear segment that tangentially contacts the outer circumferential side of the pre-formed gasket.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transforming step further comprises transforming the pre-formed gasket into the post-formed gasket without forming an annular ridge or groove in a gasket sealing surface.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transforming step further comprises transforming the pre-formed gasket into the post-formed gasket by changing one or more dimensions of the pre-formed gasket while still maintaining a planar gasket sealing surface.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transforming step creates the post-formed gasket with a substantially uniform thickness (T) and a ΔT POST across a width of the gasket that is no greater than 0.15 mm, where ΔT POST is a difference between a largest and a smallest thickness measurement in a main sealing area for the post-formed gasket.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transforming step creates the post-formed gasket with a substantially uniform thickness (T) and a ratio of ΔT POST /ΔT PRE that is between 0.5 and 1.5, inclusive, where ΔT POST is a difference between a largest and a smallest thickness measurement in a main sealing area for the post-formed gasket and ΔT PRE is a difference between a largest and a smallest thickness measurement in a main sealing area for a pre-formed gasket.