Bonded optical systems and applications thereof
In view of delamination and other failure mechanisms, bonded assemblies are described herein comprising one or more reinforcement members reducing deflection of the assemblies under applied flexural loads, wherein the reinforcement members do not materially interfere with the functionality of the bonded assemblies. In one aspect, waveguide assemblies are provided. A waveguide assembly, in some embodiments, comprises a waveguide body and light extraction elements bonded to the waveguide body, wherein at least one reinforcement member is coupled to the waveguide assembly at one or more locations to reduce deflection of the waveguide assembly under an applied flexural load.
1. A waveguide assembly comprising:
a waveguide body and light extraction elements bonded to the waveguide body, wherein at least one reinforcement member comprises a frame contacting surfaces of the waveguide body at one or more locations along a light emitting side of the waveguide body to reduce deflection of the waveguide assembly under an applied flexural load, the at least one reinforcement member further comprising one or more frame mechanical fasteners of bolts, screws, or combinations thereof passing through the waveguide body.
2. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements are part of a light extractor plate.
3. The waveguide assembly of claim 2 , wherein the light extraction elements define a bonding region between the extractor plate and waveguide body.
4. The waveguide assembly of claim 3 , wherein the reinforcement member is coupled to the waveguide assembly along one or more edges of the bonding region.
5. The waveguide assembly of claim 2 , wherein the frame contacts surfaces of the light extractor plate.
6. The waveguide assembly of claim 5 , wherein the frame is a clamping frame having one side coupled to the waveguide body and opposing side coupled to the light extractor plate.
7. The waveguide assembly of claim 5 , wherein shape of the light extraction elements is not altered by the reinforcement member.
8. The waveguide assembly of claim 2 , wherein the waveguide body is larger than the extractor plate.
9. The waveguide assembly of claim 2 , wherein the extractor plate is thinner than the waveguide body.
10. The waveguide assembly of claim 2 , wherein the waveguide body is larger than the extractor plate.
11. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements are arranged in an array.
12. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements define a light emission region.
13. The waveguide assembly claim 12 , wherein the reinforcement member is attached to the waveguide assembly at one or more edges of the light emission region.
14. The waveguide assembly claim 12 , wherein the reinforcement member is attached to the waveguide assembly at one or more edges of the light emission region.
15. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein optical efficiency of the waveguide assembly is reduced less than 5 percent by the reinforcement member.
16. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcement member precludes debonding of the light extraction elements under the applied flexural load.
17. The waveguide assembly of claim 16 , wherein the applied flexural load is at least 50 pounds.
18. The waveguide assembly of claim 16 , wherein the applied flexural load is sufficient to de-bond one or more of the light extraction elements from the waveguide body in absence of the reinforcement member.
19. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the frame and waveguide body comprise apertures for receiving the frame mechanical fasteners, the apertures having diameters permitting independent expansion and/or contraction movements between the frame and waveguide body.
20. The waveguide assembly of claim 19 , wherein the apertures are located at vertices in the frame and the waveguide body.
21. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the frame and the waveguide body are constructed of materials having mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion.
22. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements are part of a light extractor plate.
23. The waveguide assembly of claim 22 , wherein the light extraction elements define a bonding region between the extractor plate and waveguide body.
24. The waveguide assembly of claim 23 , wherein the reinforcement member is coupled to the waveguide assembly along one or more edges of the bonding region.
25. The waveguide assembly of claim 22 , wherein the frame contacts surfaces of the light extractor plate.
26. The waveguide assembly of claim 25 , wherein the frame is a clamping frame having one side coupled to the waveguide body and opposing side coupled to the light extractor plate.
27. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements are arranged in an array.
28. The waveguide assembly of claim 1 , wherein the light extraction elements define a light emission region.
29. A waveguide assembly comprising:
a waveguide body and light extraction elements bonded to the waveguide body, wherein at least one reinforcement member comprises a frame contacting surfaces of the waveguide body at one or more locations along a light emitting side of the waveguide body to reduce deflection of the waveguide assembly under an applied flexural load, the at least one reinforcement member further comprising one or more frame mechanical fasteners passing through the waveguide body, wherein the frame and the waveguide body comprise apertures for receiving the frame mechanical fasteners, the apertures having diameters permitting independent expansion and/or contraction movements between the frame and waveguide body.
30. The waveguide assembly of claim 29 , wherein optical efficiency of the waveguide assembly is reduced less than 5 percent by the reinforcement member.
31. The waveguide assembly of claim 29 , wherein the reinforcement member precludes debonding of the light extraction elements under the applied flexural load.
32. The waveguide assembly of claim 31 , wherein the applied flexural load is at least 50 pounds.
33. The waveguide assembly of claim 31 , wherein the applied flexural load is sufficient to de-bond one or more of the light extraction elements from the waveguide body in absence of the reinforcement member.
34. The waveguide assembly of claim 29 , wherein the frame and the waveguide body are constructed of materials having mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion.