Method of manufacturing a SiC composite fuel cladding with inner Zr alloy liner
A method for making a fuel rod cladding tube and a cladding tube are described. The method includes wrapping ceramic fibers, for example, SiC fibers in a SiC matrix, around a tube formed from a metal alloy, such as a zirconium alloy. The interstices of the SiC wrappings on the tube are at least partially filled with SiC nano-sized particles. The surface of the filled tube is exposed by atomic layer deposition, at temperatures ranging from 25° C. to 600° C., to at least one cycle of alternating, non-overlapping pulses of gaseous precursors containing carbon and silicon to form a SiC monolayer. The step of filling the interstices of the SiC wrappings on the tube with SiC nano-sized particles fills large voids in the SiC wrapping. The step of exposing the surface of the particle filled SiC windings to at least one cycle of gaseous pulses fills small voids in the SiC wrapping.
1. A method for making a fuel rod cladding tube comprising:
wrapping SiC fibers around a metal alloy tube;
filling the interstices of the SiC fiber wrappings with SiC nano-sized particles; and,
exposing the surface of the SiC wrapped tube at a temperature between 25° C. to 600° C. to at least one cycle of alternating, non-overlapping pulses of gaseous precursors containing a carbon compound and a silicon compound to form a SiC monolayer, each cycle followed by a pulse of a carrier gas to remove non-silicon and carbon constituents from the monolayer,
wherein the gaseous precursors are carbon iodine and silicon iodine, and the carrier gas removes iodine constituents from the monolayer.
2. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the filling step comprises infiltrating the SiC fiber wrappings with a slurry containing SiC nano-powder.
3. The method recited in claim 2 wherein following the step of infiltrating the SiC fiber wrappings, the tube is dried before the step of exposing the surface of the SiC wrapped tube to gaseous pulses.
4. The method recited in claim 2 wherein the slurry is an aqueous slurry.
5. The method recited in claim 4 wherein the aqueous slurry comprises 20 to 30% by volume SiC particles having an average particle size distribution from 10 nm to 1 micron.
6. The method recited in claim 5 wherein the pH of the aqueous slurry ranges from 8.8 to 9.2.
7. The method recited in claim 2 wherein the slurry comprises SiC nano powder in a solvent.
8. The method recited in claim 7 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of triethylamine, ethanol, methanol, and water.
9. The method recited in claim 7 wherein the slurry comprises at least 5% by volume SiC particles having an average particle size distribution from 10 nm to 1000 nm.
10. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the surface of the SiC wrapped tube is exposed to a plurality of cycles to form multiple layers of SiC film.
11. The method recited in claim 1 wherein filling the interstices of the SiC fiber wrappings with SiC nano-sized particles fills large pores having a largest dimension of two microns and above, and exposing the surface of the SiC wrapped tube to pulses of gaseous precursors fills small pores having a largest dimension of less than two microns in the ceramic wrapping.