System and method for improving the performance of a selective catalyst reduction system in a heat recovery steam generator
A method for controlling emissions from a power plant having an ammonia injection grid that includes a plurality of ammonia injection points includes the steps of injecting ammonia into a flow of exhaust gas at an injection location, the injection of ammonia defining a spatial distribution of ammonia across an exhaust gas flowpath, measuring at least one parameter of the exhaust gas downstream from the injection location, comparing a measured value for the at least one parameter of the exhaust gas to a threshold value for the at least one parameter and, if the measured value for the at least one parameter exceeds the threshold value for the at least one parameter, automatically modifying the spatial distribution of ammonia injection across the exhaust gas flowpath.
1. A heat recovery steam generator, comprising:
a gas inlet for receiving a flow of exhaust gas from a gas turbine;
a gas outlet opposite the gas inlet and configured to transport the flow of exhaust gas to atmosphere;
an ammonia injection grid having a generally planar array of injection ports configured to inject ammonia into the flow of exhaust gas at various locations along a cross-section of an exhaust gas flow path, the ammonia injection grid including a plurality of valves, each valve being associated with a respective subset of the injection ports;
a measurement system located intermediate the ammonia injection grid and the gas outlet; and
a control unit configured to: receive emission measurement data from the measurement system; to modify a position of each valve of the plurality of valves to thereby modify a spatial distribution of ammonia in the exhaust gas from the ammonia injection grid in dependence upon the emission measurement data; determine, at the modified spatial distribution, whether a NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is within a threshold range, wherein in the event the determined NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is not within the threshold range, the control unit is configured to further adjust the position of each valve of the plurality of valves, and wherein in the event the determined NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is within the threshold range, the control unit is further configured to record the respective valve position based on an operating condition at the time of the valve adjustment; and determine an optimum valve setting for each valve at the operating condition based on the recorded positions.
2. The heat recovery steam generator of claim 1 , wherein:
the measurement data includes measured values for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen in the exhaust gas; and
wherein the control unit is configured to compare the measured values for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen in the exhaust gas from the measurement system to threshold values for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen, respectively, and, if one of the measured values exceeds the threshold value, automatically adjusting the position of at least one of the valves of the ammonia injection grid to modify the spatial distribution of ammonia.
3. The heat recovery steam generator of claim 2 , wherein:
the measurement system is configured to continuously acquire the emission measurement data and to transmit the emission measurement data to the control unit.
4. The heat recovery steam generator f claim 3 , wherein:
the control unit is configured to adjust the position of at least one of the valves of the ammonia injection grid whenever:
one of the measured values for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen in the exhaust gas from the measurement system exceeds the threshold value for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen; or
an operating condition exceeds a threshold value for the operating condition;
wherein the operating condition includes at least one of a temperature of the exhaust gas, a velocity of the exhaust gas and a system load.
5. The heat recovery steam generator of claim 3 , wherein:
the control unit is configured to adjust thy: position of at least one of the valves of the ammonia injection grid whenever:
a change in one of the measured values for nitrogen oxide, ammonia and oxygen in the exhaust gas from the measurement system exceeds a predetermined limit; or
a change in an operating condition exceeds a predetermined limit;
wherein the operating condition includes at least one of a temperature of the exhaust gas, a velocity of the exhaust gas and a system load.
6. The heat recovery steam generator of claim 2 , wherein:
the control unit is configured to determine a respective preliminary position for each valve based on the respective recorded valve position and to adjust the valves to the preliminary positions.
7. The heat recovery steam generator of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second measurement system located intermediate the gas inlet and the ammonia injection grid;
wherein the measurement system located intermediate the ammonia injection grid and the gas outlet is located adjacent to the gas outlet; and
wherein the second measurement system is located adjacent to the gas inlet.