Electrolyte formulations
An electrochemical cell including a silicon-based anode and an electrolyte, where the electrolyte is formulated to contain solvents having cyclic sulfone or cyclic sulfite chemical structure. Specific additional solvent and salt combinations yield superior performance in these electrochemical cells.
1. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a silicon alloy anode,
a cathode, and
an electrolyte solution comprising solvents having a cyclic sulfone or cyclic sulfite chemical structure.
2. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises a low viscosity solvent.
3. The electrochemical cell of claim 2 wherein the low viscosity solvent is selected from the group consisting of diethyl carbonate, methyl butyrate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, isobutyl acetate, methyl trimethyl acetate, and methyl isovalerate.
4. The electrochemical cell of claim 3 wherein the electrolyte solution does not include ethylene carbonate.
5. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte solution further comprises at least one linear carbonate solvent.
6. The electrochemical cell of claim 5 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises fluorinated ethylene carbonate.
7. The electrochemical cell of claim 1 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises butadiene sulfone; sulfolane; 3-methyl sulfolane; ethylene sulfite; 1,3-propylene sulfite; 1,2-propylene glycol sulfite; or combinations thereof.
8. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a silicon alloy anode;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte solution comprising a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and a low viscosity solvent selected from the group consisting of diethyl carbonate, methyl butyrate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, isobutyl acetate, methyl trimethyl acetate, methyl isovalerate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate.
9. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and dimethyl carbonate.
10. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and ethyl methyl carbonate.
11. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and methyl butyrate.
12. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and diethyl carbonate.
13. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and methyl acetate.
14. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and methyl propionate.
15. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and isobutyl acetate.
16. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and methyl trimethyl acetate.
17. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and methyl isovalerate.
18. The electrochemical cell of claim 8 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of 1,3-propylene sulfite and dipropyl carbonate.
19. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a silicon alloy anode;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte solution comprising a blend of butadiene sulfone and a low viscosity solvent selected from the group consisting of diethyl carbonate, methyl butyrate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, isobutyl acetate, methyl trimethyl acetate, methyl isovalerate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate.
20. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and dimethyl carbonate.
21. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and ethyl methyl carbonate.
22. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and diethyl carbonate.
23. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and methyl butyrate.
24. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and methyl acetate.
25. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and methyl propionate.
26. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and isobutyl acetate.
27. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and methyl trimethyl acetate.
28. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and methyl isovalerate.
29. The electrochemical cell of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of butadiene sulfone and dipropyl carbonate.
30. An electrochemical cell comprising:
a silicon alloy anode;
a cathode; and
an electrolyte solution comprising a blend of sulfolane and a low viscosity solvent selected from the group consisting of diethyl carbonate, methyl butyrate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, isobutyl acetate, methyl trimethyl acetate, methyl isovalerate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate.
31. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and methyl acetate.
32. The electrochemical cell of claim 31 further comprising lithium bis(oxalato)borate.
33. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and ethyl methyl carbonate.
34. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and diethyl carbonate.
35. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and methyl butyrate.
36. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and methyl propionate.
37. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and isobutyl acetate.
38. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and methyl trimethyl acetate.
39. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and methyl isovalerate.
40. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and dimethyl carbonate.
41. The electrochemical cell of claim 30 wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a blend of sulfolane and dipropyl carbonate.