Oil soluble rheology modifying star macromolecules
Oil soluble rheology modifying star macromolecules having a core and five or more polymeric arms, and compositions comprising the same. The polymeric arms on a star are covalently attached to the core of the star; each polymeric arm comprises one or more (co)polymer segments; and each polymeric arm comprises a monomeric unit of a methyl methacrylate. The oil soluble rheology modifying star macromolecules and compositions comprising the same for use in oil based systems.
1. A polymer composition comprising one or more star macromolecules formed by an arm-first living-controlled radical polymerization and having a core and a plurality of polymeric arms, wherein
a) at least one arm of the plurality of polymeric arms is a polymeric arm; and
b) at least one arm of the plurality of polymeric arms is a copolymeric arm, wherein:
the copolymeric arm comprises a longer polymeric segment proximal to the core and a shorter polymeric segment distal to the core; and
c) wherein at least one polymeric arm or copolymeric arm comprises one or more of a monomeric unit of an acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide, quaternised N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylamide, quaternised N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylamide, quaternised N,N-dimethyl-aminoethyl acrylate, quaternised N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and
wherein the one or more star macromolecules are soluble in oil.
2. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the living-controlled radical polymerization is a RAFT, ATRP, NMP, TEMPO, RCTP, TERP, SBRP or BIRP polymerization.
3. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the living-controlled radical polymerization is a RAFT polymerization or ATRP polymerization.
4. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the star macromolecules are oil-soluble rheology-modifying star macromolecules.
5. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more star macromolecules are thickeners for an oil-based system.
6. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more star macromolecules provides rheology control over viscosity in an oil based system.
7. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one copolymeric arm is a random, gradient, or block copolymeric arm.
8. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of polymeric arms, the at least one polymeric arm, or the at least one copolymeric arm, further comprises a monomeric unit of a styrene.
9. The polymer composition of claim 8 , wherein the styrene is substituted with one or more C1-C12 straight or branched chain alkyl groups.
10. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of polymeric arms, the at least one polymeric arm, or the at least one copolymeric arm, further comprises a monomeric unit of: dodecyl acrylate, N-dodecyl methacrylamide, styrene, or 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate.
11. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the core comprises a polymerized monomeric residues of: 1,2-divinylbenzene; 1,3-divinylbenzene; 1,4-divinylbenzene; 1,2-ethanediol di(meth)acrylate; 1,3-propanediol di(meth)acrylate; 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate; 1,5-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate; divinylbenzene; ethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; di(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (DEGlyDA); propyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; butyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; triethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; polyethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; polypropyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; polybutyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate; allyl(meth)acrylate; glycerol di(meth)acrylate; trimethyloipropane tri(meth)acrylate; pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate; allyl methacrylate; or allyl acrylate.
12. An oil based system additive, comprising the polymer composition of claim 1 .
13. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric arm is shorter than the copolymeric arm.