Surface contact imaging sensor
An imaging system disposed on a TFT array employing a capacitance input sensing stage into a diode peak detecting circuit used as a single pixel on a semiconductor or TFT array that is capable of accessing the generated charge across the capacitor, peak detecting it, amplifying it and then distributing it to an external system via row and column addressing. The resulting imaging system is suitable for fingerprint imaging or as a computer touchpad input device.
1. An apparatus comprising:
an imaging sensor including an array of pixels, the pixels arranged in rows and columns and each of the pixels comprising a capacitance transducer that includes a receiver electrode and a dielectric layer; wherein
the capacitance transducer of at least one of the pixels includes a TFT input coupled to a reference voltage and the receiver electrode;
a first surface of the dielectric layer directly contacts the receiver electrode;
a second surface of the dielectric layer, opposite to the first surface, is configured to be coupled with an object to be imaged;
the receiver electrode is operatively coupled with the TFT input and defines a first plate of the capacitance transducer;
the object to be imaged, when coupled with the dielectric layer, defines a second plate of the capacitance transducer;
a voltage of each capacitance transducer is sensitive to a distance between the first plate and a proximal portion of a surface of the object to be imaged; and
the at least one of the pixels includes (i) a peak detecting circuit electrically connected to the receiver electrode to detect a maximum charge available from the capacitance transducer and (ii) one or more charge amplifiers to collect and amplify the charges detected by the peak detecting circuit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 where the dielectric layer includes a polymer or copolymer with dielectric qualities.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the array of pixels includes peak detectors and charge amplifiers, and the capacitance transducers are configured to accumulate charges in response to varying distances of a contoured surface of the object to be imaged.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the peak detectors and charge amplifiers are each local to a respective pixel on the transducer array.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein each peak detector and charge amplifier is common to a respective plurality of the pixels.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the maximum charge is directed to the peak detection and charge amplification circuits by means of row and column addressing circuits that are part of the array of pixels.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a row/column reader to produce a contour map of the object to be imaged.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a platen disposed between the dielectric layer and the object to be imaged.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein an input of the TFT amplifier is coupled with a biasing voltage source providing an input voltage to the input of the TFT amplifier.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the biasing voltage source is coupled with a biasing electrode disposed between the dielectric layer and the object to be imaged.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a platen disposed between the dielectric layer and the object to be imaged.
12. An apparatus comprising
an imaging sensor including an array of pixels, the pixels arranged in rows and columns and each of the pixels comprising a capacitance transducer that includes a receiver electrode and a dielectric layer; wherein
the capacitance transducer of at least one of the pixels includes a TFT input coupled to a reference voltage and the receiver electrode;
a first surface of the dielectric layer directly contacts the receiver electrode;
a second surface of the dielectric layer, opposite to the first surface, is configured to be coupled with an object to be imaged;
the receiver electrode is operatively coupled with a TFT amplifier input and defines a first plate of the capacitance transducer;
the object to be imaged, when coupled with the dielectric layer, defines a second plate of the capacitance transducer;
a voltage of each capacitance transducer is sensitive to a distance between the first plate and a proximal portion of a surface of the object to be imaged; and
the at least one of the pixels includes (i) a peak detecting circuit electrically connected to the receiver electrode to detect a maximum charge available from the capacitance transducer and (ii) one or more charge amplifiers to collect and amplify the charges detected by the peak detecting circuit; and
means for producing a contour map of the object to be imaged from the voltage of each capacitance transducer.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the dielectric layer includes a polymer or copolymer with dielectric qualities.
14. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein:
the array of pixels includes peak detectors and charge amplifiers, and the capacitance transducers are configured to accumulate charges in response to varying distances of a contoured surface of the object to be imaged.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the peak detectors and charge amplifiers are each local to a respective pixel on the transducer array.
16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein each peak detector and charge amplifier is common to a respective plurality of the pixels.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the maximum charge is directed to the peak detection and charge amplification circuits by means of row and column addressing circuits that are part of the array of pixels.
18. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein an input of the TFT amplifier is coupled with a biasing voltage source providing an input voltage to the input of the TFT amplifier.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the biasing voltage source is coupled with a biasing electrode disposed between the dielectric layer and the object to be imaged.