Electrically conductive membrane pump system
Pump systems having electrically conductive membranes are described. In embodiments of the invention, the electrically conductive membranes can be utilized as speakers to produce ultrasonic and audible sounds. The electrically conductive membranes are made from materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, and polymer films having a thin conductive coating.
1. A system comprising:
(a) a first device comprising a first electrically conductive membrane pump system, wherein
(i) the first electrically conductive membrane pump system comprises one or more first electrically conductive membranes, and
(ii) the first electrically conductive membrane pump system is operable to transmit information through the air via ultrasonic waves;
(b) a second device comprising a second electrically conductive membrane pump system, wherein
(i) the second electrically conductive membrane pump system comprises one or more first electrically conductive membranes, and
(ii) the second electrically conductive membrane pump system is operable to receive the information transmitted through the air via ultrasonic waves by the first device and is further operable to emit sound within the auditory range of humans that corresponds to the information transmitted.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more first electrically conductive membranes are one or more graphene membranes.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more second electrically conductive membranes are one or more graphene membranes.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic waves have a frequency in a range between 20 KHz and 1000 kHz.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrically conductive membrane pump system further comprises:
(a) a gate and a trace operatively connected to at least one of the one or more first electrically conductive membranes;
(b) an input voltage source operatively connected to the gate and the trace, wherein the input voltage source is operable to control movement of the at least one of the first electrically conductive membranes to generate the ultrasonic waves.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first device is selected from the group consisting of a smart-phone or a smart-watch and the second device is an earbud.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first device is a smart-watch.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second device is an earbud.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second electrically conductive membrane pump system is operable to harvest power from the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the first device.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second device is a pair of earbuds.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the information transmitted from the first device and received by the second device comprises information from an audio file.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein
(a) the information transmitted from the first device and received by the second device comprises a first component and a second component,
(b) the first component comprises information that corresponds to the sound emitted by the second device within the auditory range of humans, and
(c) the second component pairs the first device and the second device such that the second device is informed from the second component to allow the sound corresponding to the first component to be emitted.
13. A device that comprises an electrically conductive membrane pump, wherein the electrically conductive membrane pump comprises:
(i) a cavity having an electrically conductive membrane, wherein
(a) the electrically conductive membrane is operable to change the volume capacity of the cavity,
(a) the electrically conductive membrane comprises a polymer coated with a conductive coating, and
(b) the conductive coating has a conductivity in the range of ten thousand ohms/cm2 to one billion ohms/cm2;
(ii) a gate and a trace operatively connected to the electrically conductive membrane; and
(iii) an input voltage source operatively connected to the gate and the trace, wherein the input voltage source is operable to control movement of the electrically conductive membrane to change the volume capacity of the cavity.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the polymer film comprises polyethylene terephthalate.
15. The device of claim 13 , wherein the conductive coating is formed from the deposition of an antistatic fluid on the polymer.
16. The device of claim 13 , wherein the conductive coating is less than 5 nm in thickness.
17. The device of claim 13 , wherein the conductive coating comprises a metal.
18. The device of claim 17 , wherein the conductive coating is less than 5 nm in thickness.
19. The device of claim 17 , wherein the conductive coating is formed from the deposition of the metal using vapor deposition.
20. The device of claim 13 , wherein the device is operable as a speaker.
21. The device of claim 13 , wherein the device is operable as a compact audio speaker.
22. The device of claim 21 , wherein the electrically conductive membrane is operable for producing an audio signal having a frequency in the audio frequency range.
23. The device of claim 13 , wherein the device is operable for medical applications.
24. The device of claim 13 , wherein the device is operable for electronic applications.
25. A device that comprises an electrically conductive membrane pump, wherein the electrically conductive membrane pump comprises:
(i) a cavity having an electrically conductive membrane, wherein the diaphragm is operable to change the volume capacity of the cavity;
(ii) a first valve connected to the cavity, wherein
(a) the first valve is operable to be in an open position, wherein fluid can flow (I) through the first valve into the cavity and (II) from the cavity through the first valve, depending upon the pressure differential across the first valve, and
(b) the first valve is operable to be in a closed position, wherein fluid cannot flow (I) through the first valve into the cavity and (II) from the cavity through the first valve, regardless of the pressure differential across the first valve; and
(iii) a second valve connected to the cavity, wherein
(a) the second valve is operable to be in an open position, wherein fluid can flow (I) through the second valve into the cavity and (II) from the cavity through the second valve, depending upon the pressure differential across the second valve, and
(b) the second valve is operable to be in a closed position, wherein fluid cannot flow (I) through the second valve into the cavity and (II) from the cavity through the second valve, regardless of the pressure differential across the second valve; wherein
(I) at least one of the cavity, first valve, or second valve comprises an electrically conductive membrane,
(II) the electrically conductive membrane comprises a polymer coated with a conductive coating, and
(III) the conductive coating has a conductivity in the range of ten thousand ohms/cm2 to one billion ohms/cm2.